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Reducing Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Meet Climate Targets—A Comprehensive Quantification and Reasonable Options

Author

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  • Christoph Kern

    (Chair of Chemical Engineering, Center of Energy Technology, University Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany)

  • Andreas Jess

    (Chair of Chemical Engineering, Center of Energy Technology, University Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany)

Abstract

A model is presented which covers the global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions) and the energy consumption (fuels, electricity) in five sectors of end users, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture, and fugitive emissions. The electricity sector is also considered, but the associated GHG emissions are reallocated to the five end users. Different GHG reduction measures were calculated ranging from substitution of coal for electricity generation by renewables, electrification of road transport and buildings, restructuring of the sector industry to finally a 50% reduction of both food waste and meat consumption. To elucidate the consequences of global warming, future emission scenarios were also incorporated. One major conclusion is that the world can only reach the 2-degree climate target if electricity is only produced by renewables, and if transportation, buildings, and the industry are completely electrified by 2050. Compared to today, the electricity production by renewables will then rise by a factor of 11, and the total electricity demand by a factor of 2.4.

Suggested Citation

  • Christoph Kern & Andreas Jess, 2021. "Reducing Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Meet Climate Targets—A Comprehensive Quantification and Reasonable Options," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:17:p:5260-:d:621460
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hjelkrem, Odd André & Arnesen, Petter & Aarseth Bø, Torstein & Sondell, Rebecka Snefuglli, 2020. "Estimation of tank-to-wheel efficiency functions based on type approval data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Paweł Dec & Jacek Wysocki, 2022. "In Search of Non-Obvious Relationships between Greenhouse Gas or Particulate Matter Emissions, Renewable Energy and Corruption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Andrea Isella & Davide Manca, 2022. "GHG Emissions by (Petro)Chemical Processes and Decarbonization Priorities—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-13, October.
    3. Manfred Dollinger & Gerhard Fischerauer, 2023. "Physics-Based Prediction for the Consumption and Emissions of Passenger Vehicles and Light Trucks up to 2050," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-29, April.
    4. Domenico Curto & Vincenzo Franzitta & Andrea Guercio & Rosario Miceli & Claudio Nevoloso & Francesco Maria Raimondi & Marco Trapanese, 2022. "An Experimental Comparison between an Ironless and a Traditional Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Wave Energy Conversion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-21, March.

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