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Numerical Modeling of Sublimation of Ammonium Carbamate Applied to Supply System of NOx Reductant

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  • Sang-Hee Woo

    (Environment System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, Korea)

  • Jung-Hun Noh

    (AI and Mechanical System Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, 175-28, Goan-ro 51beon-gil, Baegam-myeon, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Yongin 17180, Korea)

  • Hassan Raza

    (Environment System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, Korea
    Department of Environment & Energy Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea)

  • Hongsuk Kim

    (Environment System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34103, Korea)

Abstract

Recently, ammonium carbamate (AC) has attracted attention as a substitute for urea, which is a commonly used reductant for NO x emitted from combustion engines. The AC exists as a solid at room temperature, and it is decomposed to NH 3 and CO 2 gases by heating. Therefore, adequate heat transfer is an essential issue in the design of AC pyrolysis reactor. In this study, a numerical model that describes the sublimation of AC was developed. For modeling, this study considered the three different calculation zones: solid-phase zone, gas-phase zone, and sublimation zone. Additionally, during the sublimation process, collapse of upper solid AC into the hollow space below by the effect of gravity is considered. As a result, it is presented that the modeling shows reasonable information about the AC sublimation in a reactor, such as temperatures in a reactor, pressure of reactor, and flow rate of sublimated gas. However, it is also found that accurate prediction of spatial temperature distribution is challenging because it is related to the accurate prediction of the internal shape of AC and its collapse in a reactor.

Suggested Citation

  • Sang-Hee Woo & Jung-Hun Noh & Hassan Raza & Hongsuk Kim, 2021. "Numerical Modeling of Sublimation of Ammonium Carbamate Applied to Supply System of NOx Reductant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:3795-:d:581351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seokhoon Jeong & Hoonmyung Kim & Hyunjun Kim & Ohyun Kwon & Eunyong Park & Jeongho Kang, 2020. "Optimization of the Urea Injection Angle and Direction: Maximizing the Uniformity Index of a Selective Catalytic Reduction System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
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