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Stability of Li-LSX Zeolite in the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Non-Treated and Acid Pre-Treated Isochrysis sp. Microalgae

Author

Listed:
  • Nur Adilah Abd Rahman

    (Advanced Biofuels Lab, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering (IMPEE), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK)

  • Javier Fermoso

    (Thermochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain)

  • Aimaro Sanna

    (Advanced Biofuels Lab, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering (IMPEE), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK)

Abstract

This paper investigates the use of Li-LSX-zeolite catalyst over three regeneration cycles in presence of non-treated and acid pre-treated Isochrysis sp. microalgae. The spent and regenerated catalysts were characterised by surface analysis, elemental analysis (EA), SEM-EDS, and XRD to correlate their properties with the bio-oil yield and quality. The acid pre-treatment removed alkali metals, reducing gas yield in favour of bio-oil, but, at the same time, led to catalyst deactivation by fouling. Differently, the non-treated microalgae resulted in a bio-oil enriched in C and H and depleted in O, compared to the pre-treated ones, denoting higher deoxygenation activity. After 3 pyrolysis/regeneration cycles, the analyses suggest that there are no major changes on catalyst using non-treated microalgae. Regeneration at 700 °C has been shown to be able to remove most of the coke without damaging the Li-LSX zeolite structure. In summary, Li-LSX zeolite was effective in maintaining deoxygenation activity over three cycles in the pyrolysis of non-treated Isochrysis microalgae, while the algae pre-treatment with sulphuric acid was detrimental on the catalyst activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Nur Adilah Abd Rahman & Javier Fermoso & Aimaro Sanna, 2020. "Stability of Li-LSX Zeolite in the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Non-Treated and Acid Pre-Treated Isochrysis sp. Microalgae," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:959-:d:323261
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aysu, Tevfik & Abd Rahman, Nur Adilah & Sanna, Aimaro, 2016. "Catalytic pyrolysis of Tetraselmis and Isochrysis microalgae by nickel ceria based catalysts for hydrocarbon production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 205-214.
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