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Environmental Sustainability of Bioenergy Strategies in Western Kenya to Address Household Air Pollution

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  • Ricardo Luís Carvalho

    (Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
    Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Pooja Yadav

    (Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Natxo García-López

    (Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Robert Lindgren

    (Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Gert Nyberg

    (Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Rocio Diaz-Chavez

    (Stockholm Environment Institute, Africa Centre, World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi 30677, Kenya)

  • Venkata Krishna Kumar Upadhyayula

    (Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Christoffer Boman

    (Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Dimitris Athanassiadis

    (Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden)

Abstract

Over 640 million people in Africa are expected to rely on solid-fuels for cooking by 2040. In Western Kenya, cooking inefficiently persists as a major cause of burden of disease due to household air pollution. Efficient biomass cooking is a local-based renewable energy solution to address this issue. The Life-Cycle Assessment tool Simapro 8.5 is applied for analyzing the environmental impact of four biomass cooking strategies for the Kisumu County, with analysis based on a previous energy modelling study, and literature and background data from the Ecoinvent and Agrifootprint databases applied to the region. A Business-As-Usual scenario (BAU) considers the trends in energy use until 2035. Transition scenarios to Improved Cookstoves (ICS), Pellet-fired Gasifier Stoves (PGS) and Biogas Stoves (BGS) consider the transition to wood-logs, biomass pellets and biogas, respectively. An Integrated (INT) scenario evaluates a mix of the ICS, PGS and BGS. In the BGS, the available biomass waste is sufficient to be upcycled and fulfill cooking demands by 2035. This scenario has the lowest impact on all impact categories analyzed followed by the PGS and INT. Further work should address a detailed socio-economic analysis of the analyzed scenarios.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Luís Carvalho & Pooja Yadav & Natxo García-López & Robert Lindgren & Gert Nyberg & Rocio Diaz-Chavez & Venkata Krishna Kumar Upadhyayula & Christoffer Boman & Dimitris Athanassiadis, 2020. "Environmental Sustainability of Bioenergy Strategies in Western Kenya to Address Household Air Pollution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:3:p:719-:d:317659
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Diego Alexis Ramos Huarachi & Cleiton Hluszko & Micaela Ines Castillo Ulloa & Vinicius Moretti & Julio Abraham Ramos Quispe & Fabio Neves Puglieri & Antonio Carlos de Francisco, 2023. "Life Cycle Thinking for a Circular Bioeconomy: Current Development, Challenges, and Future Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-27, May.
    4. G. Venkatesh, 2022. "Circular Bio-economy—Paradigm for the Future: Systematic Review of Scientific Journal Publications from 2015 to 2021," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 231-279, March.

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