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Design and Implementation of a Blockchain-Based Energy Trading Platform for Electric Vehicles in Smart Campus Parking Lots

Author

Listed:
  • Felipe Condon Silva

    (Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile)

  • Mohamed A. Ahmed

    (Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
    Department of Communications and Electronics, Higher Institute of Engineering & Technology–King Marriott, Alexandria 23713, Egypt)

  • José Manuel Martínez

    (Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile)

  • Young-Chon Kim

    (Department of Computer Engineering and Smart Grid Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea)

Abstract

This paper proposes a blockchain-based energy trading platform for electric vehicles in smart campus parking lots. Smart parking lots are smart places capable of supporting both parking and charging services for electric vehicles. The electric vehicle owner may want to charge energy at a low price and sell it during peak hours at a higher price. The proposed system architecture consists of two layers: the physical infrastructure layer and the cyber infrastructure layer. The physical infrastructure layer represents all of the physical components located in the campus distribution power system, such as electric vehicles charging stations, transformers, and electric feeders, while the cyber infrastructure layer supports the operation of the physical infrastructure layer and enables selling/buying energy among participants. Blockchain technology is a promising candidate to facilitate auditability and traceability of energy transactions among participants. A real case of a parking lot with a realistic parking pattern in a university campus is considered. The system consists of a university control center and various parking lot local controllers (PLLCs). The PLLC broadcasts the electricity demand and the grid price, and each electric vehicle owner decides whether to charge/discharge based on their benefits. The proposed system is implemented on Hyperledger Fabric. Participants, assets, transactions, and smart contracts are defined and discussed. Two scenarios are considered. The first scenario represents energy trading between electric vehicles as sellers and the PLLC as a buyer, while the second scenario involves energy trading between electric vehicles as buyers and the PLLC as a seller. The proposed platform provides profits for participants, as well as enables balancing for the university load demand locally.

Suggested Citation

  • Felipe Condon Silva & Mohamed A. Ahmed & José Manuel Martínez & Young-Chon Kim, 2019. "Design and Implementation of a Blockchain-Based Energy Trading Platform for Electric Vehicles in Smart Campus Parking Lots," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:24:p:4814-:d:299025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mengelkamp, Esther & Gärttner, Johannes & Rock, Kerstin & Kessler, Scott & Orsini, Lawrence & Weinhardt, Christof, 2018. "Designing microgrid energy markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 870-880.
    2. Juhar Abdella & Khaled Shuaib, 2018. "Peer to Peer Distributed Energy Trading in Smart Grids: A Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-22, June.
    3. Andoni, Merlinda & Robu, Valentin & Flynn, David & Abram, Simone & Geach, Dale & Jenkins, David & McCallum, Peter & Peacock, Andrew, 2019. "Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 143-174.
    4. Zhang, Chenghua & Wu, Jianzhong & Zhou, Yue & Cheng, Meng & Long, Chao, 2018. "Peer-to-Peer energy trading in a Microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 1-12.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zilong Zeng & Yong Li & Yijia Cao & Yirui Zhao & Junjie Zhong & Denis Sidorov & Xiangcheng Zeng, 2020. "Blockchain Technology for Information Security of the Energy Internet: Fundamentals, Features, Strategy and Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-24, February.
    2. Lei, Yu-Tian & Ma, Chao-Qun & Mirza, Nawazish & Ren, Yi-Shuai & Narayan, Seema Wati & Chen, Xun-Qi, 2022. "A renewable energy microgrids trading management platform based on permissioned blockchain," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    3. Kirli, Desen & Couraud, Benoit & Robu, Valentin & Salgado-Bravo, Marcelo & Norbu, Sonam & Andoni, Merlinda & Antonopoulos, Ioannis & Negrete-Pincetic, Matias & Flynn, David & Kiprakis, Aristides, 2022. "Smart contracts in energy systems: A systematic review of fundamental approaches and implementations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    4. Ki-Beom Lee & Mohamed A. Ahmed & Dong-Ki Kang & Young-Chon Kim, 2020. "Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Optimal Route and Charging Station Selection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-22, November.
    5. Ahmed M. Abed & Ali AlArjani, 2022. "The Neural Network Classifier Works Efficiently on Searching in DQN Using the Autonomous Internet of Things Hybridized by the Metaheuristic Techniques to Reduce the EVs’ Service Scheduling Time," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-25, September.
    6. Saha, Shammya & Ravi, Nikhil & Hreinsson, Kári & Baek, Jaejong & Scaglione, Anna & Johnson, Nathan G., 2021. "A secure distributed ledger for transactive energy: The Electron Volt Exchange (EVE) blockchain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    7. Longze Wang & Shucen Jiao & Yu Xie & Saif Mubaarak & Delong Zhang & Jinxin Liu & Siyu Jiang & Yan Zhang & Meicheng Li, 2021. "A Permissioned Blockchain-Based Energy Management System for Renewable Energy Microgrids," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, January.

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