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Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method

Author

Listed:
  • Janez Ribič

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

  • Jože Pihler

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

  • Robert Maruša

    (Electric Transmission Power Operator, ELES, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Filip Kokalj

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Power, Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

  • Peter Kitak

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

Abstract

Lead-acid batteries are the most frequently used energy storage facilities for the provision of a backup supply of DC auxiliary systems in substations and power plants due to their long service life and high reliability. It is possible to define the load in these systems, therefore the IEEE 485 Standard can be used for the selection of batteries according to the conventional method of selection. Special attention is paid in the paper to the technical selection of a lead-acid battery, which depends on its operational reliability that decreases with battery aging. It is defined by the extent of maintenance during its service life. A cost analysis was also carried out, which took into consideration maintenance and procurement costs, as well as the costs of the related air conditioning that keeps the prescribed temperature and ventilates the battery room. The impact is shown of selecting a lead-acid battery on the battery room’s operating safety when charging. The final selection of lead-acid battery is performed using an optimization algorithm of differential evolution. Using the optimization process, the new battery selection method includes the technical sizing criteria of the lead-acid battery, reliability of operation with maintenance, operational safety, and cost analysis. Two cases of selection of lead-acid batteries for the backup supply of a DC auxiliary system in a transmission substation are presented in the paper, where the input data were determined based on measurements in an existing substation. A comparison is made between the existing conventional and new lead-acid battery selection method based on optimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Janez Ribič & Jože Pihler & Robert Maruša & Filip Kokalj & Peter Kitak, 2019. "Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:22:p:4400-:d:288674
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniele Gallo & Carmine Landi & Mario Luiso & Rosario Morello, 2013. "Optimization of Experimental Model Parameter Identification for Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-19, September.
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