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Several Problems with Froude-Number Based Scale Modeling of Fires in Small Compartments

Author

Listed:
  • Mateusz Zimny

    (Faculty of Fire Safety Engineering, The Main School of Fire Service (SGSP), 01-629 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Piotr Antosiewicz

    (Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), 00-611 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Krajewski

    (Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), 00-611 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Tomasz Burdzy

    (Faculty of Mining and Geoengineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Adam Krasuski

    (Faculty of Fire Safety Engineering, The Main School of Fire Service (SGSP), 01-629 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Wojciech Węgrzyński

    (Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), 00-611 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The Froude-number based reduced-scale modeling is a technique commonly used to investigate the flow of heat and mass in building fires. The root of the method is the thermodynamic model of a flow in a compartment and several non-dimensional flow numbers based on the proportionalities of the Navier-Stokes and heat transfer equations. The ratio of inertial forces to the buoyancy forces, known as the Froude-number, plays a pivotal role within these proportionalities. This paper is an attempt to define the range of credible scale modeling using the Froude-number. We verify the credibility of the modeling by small fire (approximately 150 kW) in a small compartment, comparing data from a physical test (scale 1:1 and 1:4) and the numerical model’s data (Fire Dynamics Simulator, scales 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:50). The scope of the research covers a wide range of fires, with observed change of the flow from turbulent to laminar. The results show that the applicability of Froude-number reduced-scale modeling has limitations related to the scale. Therefore, it should be applied with care following sensibility analysis. We propose a method for sensibility analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling.

Suggested Citation

  • Mateusz Zimny & Piotr Antosiewicz & Grzegorz Krajewski & Tomasz Burdzy & Adam Krasuski & Wojciech Węgrzyński, 2019. "Several Problems with Froude-Number Based Scale Modeling of Fires in Small Compartments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:19:p:3625-:d:269897
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Peng Zhao & Zhongyuan Yuan & Yanping Yuan & Nanyang Yu & Tao Yu, 2019. "A Study on Ceiling Temperature Distribution and Critical Exhaust Volumetric Flow Rate in a Long-Distance Subway Tunnel Fire with a Two-Point Extraction Ventilation System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Sanjay Kumar Khattri & Torgrim Log & Arjen Kraaijeveld, 2019. "Tunnel Fire Dynamics as a Function of Longitudinal Ventilation Air Oxygen Content," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, January.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Aleksander Król & Małgorzata Król & Stanisław Krawiec, 2020. "A Numerical Study on Fire Development in a Confined Space Leading to Backdraft Phenomenon," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Xiaoqin Hu & Arjen Kraaijeveld & Torgrim Log, 2020. "Numerical Investigation of the Required Quantity of Inert Gas Agents in Fire Suppression Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.

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