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Nonlinear Robust Control for Low Voltage Direct-Current Residential Microgrids with Constant Power Loads

Author

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  • Martín-Antonio Rodríguez-Licea

    (CONACYT-Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato 38010, Mexico)

  • Francisco-Javier Pérez-Pinal

    (Departamento de Electrónica, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato 38010, Mexico)

  • Jose-Cruz Nuñez-Perez

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional, IPN-CITEDI, Tijuana, Baja California 22435, Mexico)

  • Carlos-Alonso Herrera-Ramirez

    (CONACYT-Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato 38010, Mexico)

Abstract

A Direct Current (DC) microgrid is a concept derived from a smart grid integrating DC renewable sources. The DC microgrids have three particularities: (1) integration of different power sources and local loads through a DC link; (2) on-site power source generation; and (3) alternating loads (on-off state). This kind of arrangement achieves high efficiency, reliability and versatility characteristics. The key device in the development of the DC microgrid is the power electronic converter (PEC), since it allows an efficient energy conversion between power sources and loads. However, alternating loads with strictly-controlled PECs can provide negative impedance behavior to the microgrid, acting as constant power loads (CPLs), such that the overall closed-loop system becomes unstable. Traditional CPL compensation techniques rely on a damping increment by the adaptation of the source or load voltage level, adding external circuitry or by using some advanced control technique. However, none of them provide a simple and general solution for the CPL problem when abrupt changes in parameters and/or in alternating loads/sources occur. This paper proposes a mathematical modeling and a robust control for the basic PECs dealing with CPLs in continuous conduction mode. In particular, the case of the low voltage residential DC microgrid with CPLs is taken as a benchmark. The proposed controller can be easily tuned for the desired response even by the non-expert. Basic converters with voltage mode control are taken as a basis to show the feasibility of this analysis, and experimental tests on a 100-W testbed include abrupt parameter changes such as input voltage.

Suggested Citation

  • Martín-Antonio Rodríguez-Licea & Francisco-Javier Pérez-Pinal & Jose-Cruz Nuñez-Perez & Carlos-Alonso Herrera-Ramirez, 2018. "Nonlinear Robust Control for Low Voltage Direct-Current Residential Microgrids with Constant Power Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-20, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:5:p:1130-:d:144353
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohammed Kh. AL-Nussairi & Ramazan Bayindir & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban & Lucian Mihet-Popa & Pierluigi Siano, 2017. "Constant Power Loads (CPL) with Microgrids: Problem Definition, Stability Analysis and Compensation Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Singh, Suresh & Gautam, Aditya R. & Fulwani, Deepak, 2017. "Constant power loads and their effects in DC distributed power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 407-421.
    3. Eklas Hossain & Ron Perez & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban & Pierluigi Siano, 2017. "Investigation on the Development of a Sliding Mode Controller for Constant Power Loads in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-24, July.
    4. Nils H. Van der Blij & Laura M. Ramirez-Elizondo & Matthijs T. J. Spaan & Pavol Bauer, 2017. "Stability of DC Distribution Systems: An Algebraic Derivation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Castillo-Calzadilla, T. & Cuesta, M.A. & Olivares-Rodriguez, C. & Macarulla, A.M. & Legarda, J. & Borges, C.E., 2022. "Is it feasible a massive deployment of low voltage direct current microgrids renewable-based? A technical and social sight," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    2. Isaías V. de Bessa & Renan L. P. de Medeiros & Iury Bessa & Florindo A. C. Ayres Junior & Alessandra R. de Menezes & Gustavo M. Torres & João Edgar Chaves Filho, 2020. "Comparative Study of Control Strategies for Stabilization and Performance Improvement of DC Microgrids with a CPL Connected," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-29, May.
    3. Haolan Liang & Zhangjie Liu & Hua Liu, 2019. "Stabilization Method Considering Disturbance Mitigation for DC Microgrids with Constant Power Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    4. David Angulo-Garcia & Fabiola Angulo & Gustavo Osorio & Gerard Olivar, 2018. "Control of a DC-DC Buck Converter through Contraction Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Jian Zhao & Xianku Zhang & Yilin Chen & Pengrui Wang, 2021. "Using Sine Function-Based Nonlinear Feedback to Control Water Tank Level," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-11, November.

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