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Optimizing Energy Storage Capacity in Islanded Microgrids Using Immunity-Based Multiobjective Planning

Author

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  • Ying-Yi Hong

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan)

  • Yong-Zhen Lai

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan)

  • Yung-Ruei Chang

    (Nuclear Instrumentation Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyaun 32546, Taiwan)

  • Yih-Der Lee

    (Nuclear Instrumentation Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyaun 32546, Taiwan)

  • Chia-Hui Lin

    (Nuclear Instrumentation Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyaun 32546, Taiwan)

Abstract

Microgrid operation is challenging because the amount of electricity that is produced from renewables is uncertain and the inertia of distributed generation resources is very small. Energy storage systems can regulate energy, improve the reliability of the power system and enhance the transient stability. This paper determines the optimal capacities of energy storage systems in an islanded microgrid that is composed of wind-turbine generators, photovoltaic arrays, and micro-turbine generators. The energy storage system can enhance the reliability of the microgrid and eliminate the unnecessary load shedding when a severe transient (such as a generator outage) occurs in the islanded microgrid. The studied problem is expressed as a multi-objective programming formulation, which is solved using an immunity-based algorithm. Four objective functions are optimized: minimum of energy storage capacity, minimum of load shedding, maximum of the lowest swing frequency, and minimum of the Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI). These four objective functions are subject to both steady-state constraints and the transient-state equality constraint. The steady-state constraints include the total shed load limit, the feasible range of energy storage capacities while the transient-state equality constraint is expressed by the dynamic equation. The Pareto optimums are explored and optimality of the problem is investigated. The simulation results based on an islanded 15-bus microgrid show the applicability of the proposed method.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying-Yi Hong & Yong-Zhen Lai & Yung-Ruei Chang & Yih-Der Lee & Chia-Hui Lin, 2018. "Optimizing Energy Storage Capacity in Islanded Microgrids Using Immunity-Based Multiobjective Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:585-:d:135206
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    Cited by:

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    2. Van Can Nguyen & Chi-Tai Wang & Ying-Jiun Hsieh, 2021. "Electrification of Highway Transportation with Solar and Wind Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-28, May.
    3. Ricardo Echeverri Mart nez & Eduardo Caicedo Bravo & Wilfredo Alfonso Morales & Juan David Garcia-Racines, 2020. "A Bi-level Multi-objective Optimization Model for the Planning, Design and Operation of Smart Grid Projects. Case Study: An Islanded Microgrid," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(4), pages 325-341.
    4. Eleonora Achiluzzi & Kirushaanth Kobikrishna & Abenayan Sivabalan & Carlos Sabillon & Bala Venkatesh, 2020. "Optimal Asset Planning for Prosumers Considering Energy Storage and Photovoltaic (PV) Units: A Stochastic Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, April.
    5. Bilal Naji Alhasnawi & Basil H. Jasim & Walid Issa & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam & Frede Blaabjerg, 2020. "A New Robust Control Strategy for Parallel Operated Inverters in Green Energy Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-31, July.
    6. Bingyin Lei & Yue Ren & Huiyu Luan & Ruonan Dong & Xiuyuan Wang & Junli Liao & Shu Fang & Kaiye Gao, 2023. "A Review of Optimization for System Reliability of Microgrid," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-30, February.
    7. Grażyna Frydrychowicz-Jastrzębska, 2018. "El Hierro Renewable Energy Hybrid System: A Tough Compromise," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-20, October.

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