IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v11y2018i3p542-d134486.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Line-Interactive Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a Fuel Cell as the Primary Source

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Iftikhar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, 25000 Peshawar, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Aamir

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Asad Waqar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Naila

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Fahad Bin Muslim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Imtiaz Alam

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

Abstract

This paper presents line-interactive transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a fuel cell as the prime energy source. The proposed UPS consists of three major parts (i.e., an output inverter, a unidirectional DC–DC converter, and a battery charger/discharger). Non-isolated topologies of both the unidirectional converter and battery charger/discharger ensure transformerless operation of the UPS system. A new topology of high gain converter is employed for boosting the low voltage of the fuel cell to a higher DC link voltage, with minimum semiconductor count, and high efficiency. A high-gain battery charger/discharger realizes the bidirectional operation between the DC link and the battery bank. Besides, it regulates the DC link voltage during the cold start of fuel cells and keeps the battery bank voltage to only 24 V. A new inverter control scheme is introduced that regulates the output voltage and minimizes the total harmonic distortion for non-linear loading condition. The proposed control scheme integrates proportional-resonant control with slide mode control, which improves the controller’s performance in transient conditions. The proposed UPS system is validated by developing a 1-kVA experimental prototype.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Iftikhar & Muhammad Aamir & Asad Waqar & Naila & Fahad Bin Muslim & Imtiaz Alam, 2018. "Line-Interactive Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a Fuel Cell as the Primary Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:542-:d:134486
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/3/542/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/3/542/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Isa, Normazlina Mat & Das, Himadry Shekhar & Tan, Chee Wei & Yatim, A.H.M. & Lau, Kwan Yiew, 2016. "A techno-economic assessment of a combined heat and power photovoltaic/fuel cell/battery energy system in Malaysia hospital," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 75-90.
    2. Aamir, Muhammad & Ahmed Kalwar, Kafeel & Mekhilef, Saad, 2016. "Review: Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1395-1410.
    3. Lacko, R. & Drobnič, B. & Mori, M. & Sekavčnik, M. & Vidmar, M., 2014. "Stand-alone renewable combined heat and power system with hydrogen technologies for household application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 164-170.
    4. Bizon, Nicu & Radut, Marin & Oproescu, Mihai, 2015. "Energy control strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source under unknown load profile," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 31-41.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Edemar O. Prado & Pedro C. Bolsi & Hamiltom C. Sartori & José R. Pinheiro, 2023. "Design of Uninterruptible Power Supply Inverters for Different Modulation Techniques Using Pareto Front for Cost and Efficiency Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Real-time optimization strategies of Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems based on Load-following control: A new strategy, and a comparative study of topologies and fuel economy obtained," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 444-460.
    2. Tomasz Jałowiec & Henryk Wojtaszek, 2021. "Analysis of the RES Potential in Accordance with the Energy Policy of the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-33, September.
    3. Eid Gul & Giorgio Baldinelli & Pietro Bartocci, 2022. "Energy Transition: Renewable Energy-Based Combined Heat and Power Optimization Model for Distributed Communities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    4. Dimitrios Trigkas & Chrysovalantou Ziogou & Spyros Voutetakis & Simira Papadopoulou, 2021. "Virtual Energy Storage in RES-Powered Smart Grids with Nonlinear Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Efficient fuel economy strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems under variable renewable/load power profile," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Rômulo de Oliveira Azevêdo & Paulo Rotela Junior & Luiz Célio Souza Rocha & Gianfranco Chicco & Giancarlo Aquila & Rogério Santana Peruchi, 2020. "Identification and Analysis of Impact Factors on the Economic Feasibility of Photovoltaic Energy Investments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-40, September.
    7. Ceran, Bartosz, 2019. "The concept of use of PV/WT/FC hybrid power generation system for smoothing the energy profile of the consumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 853-865.
    8. Nicu Bizon & Mircea Raceanu & Emmanouel Koudoumas & Adriana Marinoiu & Emmanuel Karapidakis & Elena Carcadea, 2020. "Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Operation Using Two Search Controllers of the Optimal Power Needed on the DC Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-26, November.
    9. Oleksandr Korkh & Andrei Blinov & Dmitri Vinnikov & Andrii Chub, 2020. "Review of Isolated Matrix Inverters: Topologies, Modulation Methods and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-30, May.
    10. Giovani Almeida Dávi & José López de Asiain & Juan Solano & Estefanía Caamaño-Martín & César Bedoya, 2017. "Energy Refurbishment of an Office Building with Hybrid Photovoltaic System and Demand-Side Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-24, August.
    11. Das, Himadry Shekhar & Tan, Chee Wei & Yatim, A.H.M. & Lau, Kwan Yiew, 2017. "Feasibility analysis of hybrid photovoltaic/battery/fuel cell energy system for an indigenous residence in East Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1332-1347.
    12. Ou, Kai & Yuan, Wei-Wei & Kim, Young-Bae, 2021. "Development of optimal energy management for a residential fuel cell hybrid power system with heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    13. Toopshekan, Ashkan & Yousefi, Hossein & Astaraei, Fatemeh Razi, 2020. "Technical, economic, and performance analysis of a hybrid energy system using a novel dispatch strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    14. Thirunavukkarasu, M. & Sawle, Yashwant & Lala, Himadri, 2023. "A comprehensive review on optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems using various optimization techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    15. Jing, Rui & Wang, Meng & Brandon, Nigel & Zhao, Yingru, 2017. "Multi-criteria evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell based combined cooling heating and power (SOFC-CCHP) applications for public buildings in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 273-289.
    16. Sachajdak, Andrzej & Lappalainen, Jari & Mikkonen, Hannu, 2019. "Dynamic simulation in development of contemporary energy systems – oxy combustion case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 964-973.
    17. Pipicelli, Michele & Muccillo, Massimiliano & Gimelli, Alfredo, 2023. "Influence of the control strategy on the performance of hybrid polygeneration energy system using a prescient model predictive control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    18. Vaziri Rad, Mohammad Amin & Toopshekan, Ashkan & Rahdan, Parisa & Kasaeian, Alibakhsh & Mahian, Omid, 2020. "A comprehensive study of techno-economic and environmental features of different solar tracking systems for residential photovoltaic installations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    19. Jakub Jurasz & Jerzy Mikulik, 2017. "A strategy for the photovoltaic-powered pumped storage hydroelectricity," Energy & Environment, , vol. 28(5-6), pages 544-563, September.
    20. Maestre, V.M. & Ortiz, A. & Ortiz, I., 2021. "Challenges and prospects of renewable hydrogen-based strategies for full decarbonization of stationary power applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:542-:d:134486. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.