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Line-Interactive Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a Fuel Cell as the Primary Source

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Iftikhar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, 25000 Peshawar, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Aamir

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Asad Waqar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Naila

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Fahad Bin Muslim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Imtiaz Alam

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

Abstract

This paper presents line-interactive transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a fuel cell as the prime energy source. The proposed UPS consists of three major parts (i.e., an output inverter, a unidirectional DC–DC converter, and a battery charger/discharger). Non-isolated topologies of both the unidirectional converter and battery charger/discharger ensure transformerless operation of the UPS system. A new topology of high gain converter is employed for boosting the low voltage of the fuel cell to a higher DC link voltage, with minimum semiconductor count, and high efficiency. A high-gain battery charger/discharger realizes the bidirectional operation between the DC link and the battery bank. Besides, it regulates the DC link voltage during the cold start of fuel cells and keeps the battery bank voltage to only 24 V. A new inverter control scheme is introduced that regulates the output voltage and minimizes the total harmonic distortion for non-linear loading condition. The proposed control scheme integrates proportional-resonant control with slide mode control, which improves the controller’s performance in transient conditions. The proposed UPS system is validated by developing a 1-kVA experimental prototype.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Iftikhar & Muhammad Aamir & Asad Waqar & Naila & Fahad Bin Muslim & Imtiaz Alam, 2018. "Line-Interactive Transformerless Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) with a Fuel Cell as the Primary Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:542-:d:134486
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Isa, Normazlina Mat & Das, Himadry Shekhar & Tan, Chee Wei & Yatim, A.H.M. & Lau, Kwan Yiew, 2016. "A techno-economic assessment of a combined heat and power photovoltaic/fuel cell/battery energy system in Malaysia hospital," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 75-90.
    2. Aamir, Muhammad & Ahmed Kalwar, Kafeel & Mekhilef, Saad, 2016. "Review: Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1395-1410.
    3. Lacko, R. & Drobnič, B. & Mori, M. & Sekavčnik, M. & Vidmar, M., 2014. "Stand-alone renewable combined heat and power system with hydrogen technologies for household application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 164-170.
    4. Bizon, Nicu & Radut, Marin & Oproescu, Mihai, 2015. "Energy control strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source under unknown load profile," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 31-41.
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    1. Edemar O. Prado & Pedro C. Bolsi & Hamiltom C. Sartori & José R. Pinheiro, 2023. "Design of Uninterruptible Power Supply Inverters for Different Modulation Techniques Using Pareto Front for Cost and Efficiency Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, January.

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