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Analysis and Diagnosis of the Agrarian System in the Niayes Region, Northwest Senegal (West Africa)

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  • Yohann Fare

    (Unité d’Enseignement et de Recherche Agriculture Comparée et Développement Agricole, AgroParisTech. 16, rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France)

  • Marc Dufumier

    (Unité d’Enseignement et de Recherche Agriculture Comparée et Développement Agricole, AgroParisTech. 16, rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France)

  • Myriam Loloum

    (Unité d’Enseignement et de Recherche Agriculture Comparée et Développement Agricole, AgroParisTech. 16, rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France)

  • Fanny Miss

    (École Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts, AgroParisTech, 19 Avenue du Maine, 75732 Paris CEDEX 15, France)

  • Alassane Pouye

    (Ecole Nationale Supérieure d´Agriculture (ENSA) de Thiès, B.P A 296-Thiès, Sénégal)

  • Ahmat Khastalani

    (Ecole Nationale Supérieure d´Agriculture (ENSA) de Thiès, B.P A 296-Thiès, Sénégal)

  • Adama Fall

    (SOS SAHEL International, 21001 Thiès, Senegal)

Abstract

The agrarian system Analysis and Diagnosis is used for this study, the goal of which was to provide a corpus of basic knowledge and elements of reflection necessary for the understanding the Niayes farming systems dynamics in Senegal, West Africa. Such holistic work has never been done before for this small region that provides the majority of vegetables in the area, thanks to its microclimate and access to fresh water in an arid country. Reading of the landscape and historical interviews coupled with fine-tuned household surveys were used to build a typology of agricultural production units (each type being represented by a production system). The main phases within the region’s history were distinguished. Before colonization, agriculture was based on gathering and shifting agriculture (millet and peanut) in the southern region and transhumant stockbreeding in the North. During colonization, market gardening became a source of income as a response to cities’ increasing demand. Two major droughts (in the 1970s and 1980s) have accelerated this movement. Extension of market gardening areas and intensification of activities were made possible by Sahelian migrants’ influx and the creation of mbeye seddo , a contract that allows for sharing added value between the employer and seasonal workers, named sourghas . Over the past 20 years, the “race for motorization” has created important social gaps (added value sharing deserves review) and a risk of overexploitation of groundwater.

Suggested Citation

  • Yohann Fare & Marc Dufumier & Myriam Loloum & Fanny Miss & Alassane Pouye & Ahmat Khastalani & Adama Fall, 2017. "Analysis and Diagnosis of the Agrarian System in the Niayes Region, Northwest Senegal (West Africa)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-25, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:7:y:2017:i:7:p:59-:d:105382
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Mazoyer & Laurence Roudart, 1997. "Histoire des agricultures du monde: Du Néolithique à la crise contemporaine," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/44782, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    2. Eswaran, Mukesh & Kotwal, Ashok, 1986. "Access to Capital and Agrarian Production Organisation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 96(382), pages 482-498, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Faye, Amy & Msangi, Siwa, 2018. "Rainfall variability and groundwater availability for irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the Niayes region of Senegal," MPRA Paper 92625, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Franziska Marfurt & Tobias Haller & Patrick Bottazzi, 2023. "Green Agendas and White Markets: The Coloniality of Agroecology in Senegal," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Patrick Bottazzi & Sébastien Boillat & Franziska Marfurt & Sokhna Mbossé Seck, 2020. "Channels of Labour Control in Organic Farming: Toward a Just Agroecological Transition for Sub-Saharan Africa," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Patrick Bottazzi & Sébastien Boillat, 2021. "Political Agroecology in Senegal: Historicity and Repertoires of Collective Actions of an Emerging Social Movement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, June.

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