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Aflatoxin Accumulation in a Maize Diallel Cross

Author

Listed:
  • W. Paul Williams

    (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, P.O. Box 9555, MS 39762, USA)

  • Gary L. Windham

    (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, P.O. Box 9555, MS 39762, USA)

Abstract

Aflatoxins, produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus , occur naturally in maize. Contamination of maize grain with aflatoxin is a major food and feed safety problem and greatly reduces the value of the grain. Plant resistance is generally considered a highly desirable approach to reduction or elimination of aflatoxin in maize grain. In this investigation, a diallel cross was produced by crossing 10 inbred lines with varying degrees of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation in all possible combinations. Three lines that previously developed and released as sources of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation were included as parents. The 10 parental inbred lines and the 45 single crosses making up the diallel cross were evaluated for aflatoxin accumulation in field tests conducted in 2013 and 2014. Plants were inoculated with an A. flavus spore suspension seven days after silk emergence. Ears were harvested approximately 60 days later and concentration of aflatoxin in the grain determined. Parental inbred lines Mp717, Mp313E, and Mp719 exhibited low levels (3–12 ng/g) of aflatoxin accumulation. In the diallel analysis, both general and specific combining ability were significant sources of variation in the inheritance of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation. General combining ability effects for reduced aflatoxin accumulation were greatest for Mp494, Mp719, and Mp717. These lines should be especially useful in breeding for resistance to aflatoxin accumulation. Breeding strategies, such as reciprocal recurrent selection, would be appropriate.

Suggested Citation

  • W. Paul Williams & Gary L. Windham, 2015. "Aflatoxin Accumulation in a Maize Diallel Cross," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:5:y:2015:i:2:p:344-352:d:51334
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Quiroga, Jose & Brooks, Jonathan & Melyukhina, Olga, 2005. "Brazil Agriculture Policy Review," Economic and Market Information 52068, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
    2. Unknown, 2005. "Abstracts of Ph.D Theses in Agricultural Economics," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 60(4), pages 1-3.
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