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Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Rice-Paddy-Upland Rotation Combined with Bacterial Fertilizer for the Abatement of Radix pseudostellariae Continuous Cropping Obstacles

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  • Sheng Lin

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
    Fujian Provincial High Education Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Ecology, College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Yuanyuan Yang

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Ting Chen

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
    Fujian Provincial High Education Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Ecology, College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Yanyang Jiao

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Juan Yang

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Zhaoying Cai

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

  • Wenxiong Lin

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
    Fujian Provincial High Education Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Ecology, College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

Abstract

Radix pseudostellariae is one of the well-known genuine medicinal herbs in Fujian province, China. However, the continuous cropping obstacles with respect to R. pseudostellariae have seriously affected the sustainable utilization of medicinal resources and the development of related industrial systems. The occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles is a comprehensive effect of multiple deteriorating biological and abiotic factors in the rhizosphere soil. Therefore, intensive ecological methods have been the key to abating such obstacles. In this study, four treatments were set up, i.e., fallow (RP-F), fallow + bacterial fertilizer (RP-F-BF), rice-paddy-upland rotation (RP-R), and rice-paddy-upland rotation + bacterial fertilizer (RP-R-BF), during the interval between two plantings of R. pseudostellariae , with a newly planted (NP) treatment as the control. The results show that the yield of R. pseudostellariae under the RP-F treatment decreased by 46.25% compared to the NP treatment. Compared with the RP-F treatment, the yields of the RP-F-BF, RP-R, and RP-R-BF treatments significantly increased by 14.11%, 27.79%, and 62.51%, respectively. The medicinal quality of R. pseudostellariae treated with RP-R-BF was superior to that achieved with the other treatments, with the total saponin and polysaccharide contents increasing by 8.54% and 27.23%, respectively, compared to the RP-F treatment. The ecological intensive treatment of RP-R-BF significantly increased the soil pH, content of organic matter, abundance of beneficial microbial populations, and soil enzyme activity, thus remediating the deteriorating environment of continuous cropping soil. On this basis, the ecological intensive treatment RP-R-BF significantly increased the activity of protective enzymes and the expression levels of genes related to disease and stress resistance in leaves and root tubers. Redundancy and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that rice-paddy-upland rotation improved the soil structure, promoted the growth of eutrophic r-strategy bacterial communities, enhanced compound oxidation and reduction, broke the relationship between the deteriorating environment and harmful biological factors, and eventually weakened the intensity of harmful factors. The subsequent application of bacterial fertilizer improved the beneficial biological and abiotic factors, activated various ecological functions of the soil, enhanced the ecological relationship between various biological and abiotic factors, and reduced the stress intensity of R. pseudostellariae , thereby improving its disease and stress resistance, and ultimately reflecting the recovery of yield and quality. The results indirectly prove that the intensive ecological amelioration of the soil environment was the main factor for the yield recovery of R. pseudostellariae under continuous cropping.

Suggested Citation

  • Sheng Lin & Yuanyuan Yang & Ting Chen & Yanyang Jiao & Juan Yang & Zhaoying Cai & Wenxiong Lin, 2024. "Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Rice-Paddy-Upland Rotation Combined with Bacterial Fertilizer for the Abatement of Radix pseudostellariae Continuous Cropping Obstacles," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-18, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:2:p:326-:d:1341145
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michael Eisenstein, 2020. "Natural solutions for agricultural productivity," Nature, Nature, vol. 588(7837), pages 58-59, December.
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