Research on the Inversion of Key Growth Parameters of Rice Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Data and Deep Learning

This study accurately inverts key growth parameters of rice, including Leaf Area Index (LAI), chlorophyll content (SPAD) value, and height, by integrating multisource remote sensing data (including MODIS and ERA5 imagery) and deep learning models. Dehui City in Jilin Province, China, was selected as the case study area, where multidimensional data including vegetation indices, ecological function parameters, and environmental variables were collected, covering seven key growth stages of rice. Data analysis and parameter prediction were conducted using a variety of machine learning and deep learning models including Partial Least Squares (PLSs), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), among which the LSTM model demonstrated superior performance, particularly at multiple critical time points. The results show that the LSTM performed best in inverting the three parameters, with the LAI inversion accuracy on 21 August reaching a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.72, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.34, and mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.27. The SPAD inversion accuracy on the same date achieved an R 2 of 0.69, RMSE of 1.45, and MAE of 1.16. The height inversion accuracy on 25 July reached an R 2 of 0.74, RMSE of 2.30, and MAE of 2.08. This study not only verifies the effectiveness of combining multisource data and advanced algorithms but also provides a scientific basis for the precision management and decision-making of rice cultivation.