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Farmer Perceptions of GIAHS: Analyzing Farmer Involvement and GIAHS Benefits in the Ifugao Rice Terraces

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  • Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo

    (Department of Educational Communication, College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
    Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Center, Ifugao State University, Nayon, Lamut 3605, Philippines)

  • Keshav Lall Maharjan

    (International Economic Development Program, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan)

  • Jude Cadingpal Baggo

    (Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Center, Ifugao State University, Nayon, Lamut 3605, Philippines)

  • John Mervin Lasafin Embate

    (Department of Educational Communication, College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines)

Abstract

The Ifugao Rice Terraces have been the Philippines’ first and only Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) since 2011. More than a decade later, this study assesses whether Ifugao farmers find this designation beneficial and if it enhances their sense of involvement. Through a cross-sectional survey of GIAHS farmers in Banaue, Ifugao, this study examines perceived benefits and involvement, along with views on youth participation in agriculture, farmer livelihoods, and tourism management in Ifugao. The findings reveal that 65.1% of farmers see the GIAHS designation as beneficial and 58.7% feel involved. Farmers who perceive limited tourism benefits from the GIAHS are more likely to feel uninvolved, while those who value the designation’s potential for improving income and consumer demand for Ifugao rice report higher involvement. Cultural heritage and ancestral values are significant motivators, with some farmers viewing the GIAHS as a means of preserving traditions. Support from local government, subsidies, and media enhances involvement, particularly among those practicing rituals or growing the traditional Tinawon rice, which strengthens ties to the GIAHS. Additionally, farmers involved in discussions or training on Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) report a stronger connection to the GIAHS, as ECA practices align with their traditional, sustainable approaches. Overall, this study highlights the complex role of the GIAHS as a bridge between cultural heritage, livelihood, and sustainability, underscoring the need to integrate farmer perspectives more closely into GIAHS initiatives in Ifugao.

Suggested Citation

  • Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Keshav Lall Maharjan & Jude Cadingpal Baggo & John Mervin Lasafin Embate, 2024. "Farmer Perceptions of GIAHS: Analyzing Farmer Involvement and GIAHS Benefits in the Ifugao Rice Terraces," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:12:p:2305-:d:1544924
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Moucheng & Yang, Lun & Bai, Yanying & Min, Qingwen, 2018. "The impacts of farmers’ livelihood endowments on their participation in eco-compensation policies: Globally important agricultural heritage systems case studies from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 231-239.
    2. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Wilson Florendo Aala, 2021. "Leveraging Japanese Sado Island Farmers’ GIAHS Inclusivity by Understanding Their Perceived Involvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Wilson Jr. Florendo Aala, 2022. "Drivers of Environmental Conservation Agriculture in Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    4. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Manjeshwori Singh, 2024. "Farmer Perspectives on the Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability of Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) in Namobuddha Municipality, Kavre, Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Zheng Yuan & Fei Lun & Lu He & Zhi Cao & Qingwen Min & Yanying Bai & Moucheng Liu & Shengkui Cheng & Wenhua Li & Anthony M. Fuller, 2014. "Exploring the State of Retention of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in a Hani Rice Terrace Village, Southwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(7), pages 1-17, July.
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