IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v14y2024i12p2305-d1544924.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Farmer Perceptions of GIAHS: Analyzing Farmer Involvement and GIAHS Benefits in the Ifugao Rice Terraces

Author

Listed:
  • Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo

    (Department of Educational Communication, College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
    Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Center, Ifugao State University, Nayon, Lamut 3605, Philippines)

  • Keshav Lall Maharjan

    (International Economic Development Program, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan)

  • Jude Cadingpal Baggo

    (Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Center, Ifugao State University, Nayon, Lamut 3605, Philippines)

  • John Mervin Lasafin Embate

    (Department of Educational Communication, College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines)

Abstract

The Ifugao Rice Terraces have been the Philippines’ first and only Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) since 2011. More than a decade later, this study assesses whether Ifugao farmers find this designation beneficial and if it enhances their sense of involvement. Through a cross-sectional survey of GIAHS farmers in Banaue, Ifugao, this study examines perceived benefits and involvement, along with views on youth participation in agriculture, farmer livelihoods, and tourism management in Ifugao. The findings reveal that 65.1% of farmers see the GIAHS designation as beneficial and 58.7% feel involved. Farmers who perceive limited tourism benefits from the GIAHS are more likely to feel uninvolved, while those who value the designation’s potential for improving income and consumer demand for Ifugao rice report higher involvement. Cultural heritage and ancestral values are significant motivators, with some farmers viewing the GIAHS as a means of preserving traditions. Support from local government, subsidies, and media enhances involvement, particularly among those practicing rituals or growing the traditional Tinawon rice, which strengthens ties to the GIAHS. Additionally, farmers involved in discussions or training on Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) report a stronger connection to the GIAHS, as ECA practices align with their traditional, sustainable approaches. Overall, this study highlights the complex role of the GIAHS as a bridge between cultural heritage, livelihood, and sustainability, underscoring the need to integrate farmer perspectives more closely into GIAHS initiatives in Ifugao.

Suggested Citation

  • Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Keshav Lall Maharjan & Jude Cadingpal Baggo & John Mervin Lasafin Embate, 2024. "Farmer Perceptions of GIAHS: Analyzing Farmer Involvement and GIAHS Benefits in the Ifugao Rice Terraces," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:12:p:2305-:d:1544924
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2305/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2305/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Moucheng & Yang, Lun & Bai, Yanying & Min, Qingwen, 2018. "The impacts of farmers’ livelihood endowments on their participation in eco-compensation policies: Globally important agricultural heritage systems case studies from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 231-239.
    2. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Wilson Florendo Aala, 2021. "Leveraging Japanese Sado Island Farmers’ GIAHS Inclusivity by Understanding Their Perceived Involvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Wilson Jr. Florendo Aala, 2022. "Drivers of Environmental Conservation Agriculture in Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
    4. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Manjeshwori Singh, 2024. "Farmer Perspectives on the Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability of Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) in Namobuddha Municipality, Kavre, Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Zheng Yuan & Fei Lun & Lu He & Zhi Cao & Qingwen Min & Yanying Bai & Moucheng Liu & Shengkui Cheng & Wenhua Li & Anthony M. Fuller, 2014. "Exploring the State of Retention of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in a Hani Rice Terrace Village, Southwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(7), pages 1-17, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nan Ma & Siyuan He & Qingwen Min, 2020. "Edible Biological Resource Use in an Agricultural Heritage System and Its Driving Forces: A Case of the Shuangjiang Mengku Ancient Tea and Culture System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-23, September.
    2. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Jude Cadingpal Baggo, 2025. "Balancing Tradition and Innovation: The Role of Environmental Conservation Agriculture in the Sustainability of the Ifugao Rice Terraces," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-22, January.
    3. Weiwen Wang & Jian Gong & Ying Wang & Yang Shen, 2022. "The Causal Pathway of Rural Human Settlement, Livelihood Capital, and Agricultural Land Transfer Decision-Making: Is It Regional Consistency?," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-24, July.
    4. Sittichok Plaiphum & Roengchai Tansuchat, 2023. "Cultural Capital of Sea Salt Farming in Ban Laem District of Phetchaburi Province as per the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-27, August.
    5. Wang, Weiwen & Gong, Jian & Wang, Ying & Shen, Yang, 2021. "Exploring the effects of rural site conditions and household livelihood capitals on agricultural land transfers in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    6. Honglian Hua & Shangyi Zhou & Zhiqiang Ding & Yujun Pan, 2018. "The Change Mechanism of Human-Environment Interactions from the Perspective of Contextualization: A Case Study of the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces as a World Cultural Heritage Site," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-17, June.
    7. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Gonzalvo & Wilson Aala, 2022. "Dynamics of Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) Utilization among Fujioka Farmers in Japan with High Biodiversity Conservation Awareness but Low ECA Interest," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Yuxuan Xu & Jiangbo Chang & Fang Su, 2024. "Multi-Scale Evaluation and Simulation of Livelihood Efficiency in Post-Poverty Mountainous Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-35, October.
    9. Ghazali, Samane & Zibaei, Mansour & Azadi, Hossein, 2023. "Impact of livelihood strategies and capitals on rangeland sustainability and nomads' poverty: A counterfactual analysis in Southwest Iran," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    10. Gang Cui & Zhicheng Liu, 2022. "The Impact of Environmental Regulations and Social Norms on Farmers’ Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Behaviors: An Investigation of Citrus Farmers in Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Marta Arnés García & José Luis Yagüe & Víctor Luis de Nicolás & José M. Díaz-Puente, 2020. "Characterization of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in Europe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-24, February.
    12. Huanxin Yang & Kai Huang & Xin Deng & Dingde Xu, 2021. "Livelihood Capital and Land Transfer of Different Types of Farmers: Evidence from Panel Data in Sichuan Province, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-21, May.
    13. Yilun He & Shaowen Zhan & Noshaba Aziz, 2023. "Quantifying the Contribution of Rural Residents’ Participation in the Cultural Tourism Industry to Improve the Soil Erosion Control Effect in Ecologically Fragile Areas: A Case Study in the Shaanxi–Ga," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-21, March.
    14. Yongxun Zhang & Qingwen Min & Heyao Li & Lulu He & Canqiang Zhang & Lun Yang, 2017. "A Conservation Approach of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS): Improving Traditional Agricultural Patterns and Promoting Scale-Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-12, February.
    15. Keshav Lall Maharjan & Clarisse Mendoza Gonzalvo & Wilson Florendo Aala, 2021. "Leveraging Japanese Sado Island Farmers’ GIAHS Inclusivity by Understanding Their Perceived Involvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    16. Joana Gonçalves & Ricardo Mateus & José Dinis Silvestre & Ana Pereira Roders, 2020. "Going beyond Good Intentions for the Sustainable Conservation of Built Heritage: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-28, November.
    17. Guilin Liu & Domenico M. Doronzo, 2020. "A Novel Approach to Bridging Physical, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Indicators with Spatial Distributions of Agricultural Heritage Systems (AHS) in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-22, August.
    18. Qingwen Min & Bitian Zhang, 2019. "Research Progress in the Conservation and Development of China-Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, December.
    19. Wenjun Jiao & Qingwen Min, 2017. "Reviewing the Progress in the Identification, Conservation and Management of China-Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-14, September.
    20. Jie Zhang & Meiqiu Chen & Chang Huang & Zhaohao Lai, 2022. "Labor Endowment, Cultivated Land Fragmentation, and Ecological Farming Adoption Strategies among Farmers in Jiangxi Province, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-17, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:12:p:2305-:d:1544924. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.