IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v13y2023i12p2285-d1301605.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Compression Strength and Critical Impact Speed of Typical Fertilizer Grains

Author

Listed:
  • Mingjin Xin

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Zhiwen Jiang

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Yuqiu Song

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Hongguang Cui

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Aiju Kong

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Bowen Chi

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

  • Renbao Shan

    (College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

Abstract

The application of fertilizer is necessary for the growth and yield of crops, especially for paddy rice. Precision application is important for the fertilizer utilization rate and sustainable development of agriculture. However, the crushing of fertilizer grains will reduce the quality of fertilization, for the decrease in the size and mass of the fertilizer particles and the degree of crushing mainly depend on the physical and mechanical properties of the fertilizer grains. In this study, the compression strength and critical impact speed of four typical commonly used fertilizer grains, a compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK compound fertilizer), organic fertilizer, large granular urea, and small granular urea, were measured and analyzed. The static compression test was carried out using a TMS-Pro texture analyzer and the results show that the four kinds of fertilizer grains are brittle materials, and their elastic moduli are 208 MPa, 233 MPa, 140 MPa, and 107 MPa, respectively; the theoretical impact model of fertilizer granules is established based on the compression test result and Hertz elastic contact theory, the theoretical formula for the critical impact speed of fertilizer grains is derived, and the theoretical critical impact strength and speed are worked out. An image capture system for the impact process of fertilizer grains was developed, and the impact test was conducted. The results show that the critical impact speed of the four kinds of fertilizer grains decreases with the increase in granule size, while the variance analysis shows that the effect is not significant. The comparison of the experimental results with the theoretical values shows that the theoretical formula could be used to predict the trends of the critical impact speed of fertilizer grains. The model was optimized with the MATLAB 2018 function fitting tool based on the test and analysis. The goodness of fit of the formula is 0.824, which is 13.43% greater than that of the original theoretical formula, indicating that the modified formula based on the compression test data might estimate the critical impact speed of the granular fertilizer with brittle material properties more accurately. The results may provide a reference for the parameter design of a precision fertilization machine.

Suggested Citation

  • Mingjin Xin & Zhiwen Jiang & Yuqiu Song & Hongguang Cui & Aiju Kong & Bowen Chi & Renbao Shan, 2023. "Compression Strength and Critical Impact Speed of Typical Fertilizer Grains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:12:p:2285-:d:1301605
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/12/2285/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/12/2285/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xiaolong Lei & Wencheng Wu & Xuan Deng & Tao Li & Hongnan Liu & Jinyue Guo & Ju Li & Peixu Zhu & Ke Yang, 2023. "Determination of Material and Interaction Properties of Granular Fertilizer Particles Using DEM Simulation and Bench Testing," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Xuefeng Song & Fei Dai & Xuekun Zhang & Wenjie Gao & Xiangzhou Li & Fengwei Zhang & Wuyun Zhao, 2023. "Simulation and Experiment of Fertilizer Discharge Characteristics of Spiral Grooved Wheel with Different Working Parameters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Sugirbay Adilet & Jian Zhao & Nukeshev Sayakhat & Jun Chen & Zagainov Nikolay & Lingxin Bu & Zhanar Sugirbayeva & Guangrui Hu & Muratkhan Marat & Zhiwei Wang, 2021. "Calibration Strategy to Determine the Interaction Properties of Fertilizer Particles Using Two Laboratory Tests and DEM," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Adilet Sugirbay & Guang-Rui Hu & Jun Chen & Zhasulan Mustafin & Marat Muratkhan & Ruslan Iskakov & Yu Chen & Shuo Zhang & Lingxin Bu & Yerassyl Dulatbay & Bauyrzhan Mukhamed, 2022. "A Study on the Calibration of Wheat Seed Interaction Properties Based on the Discrete Element Method," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Jinming Zheng & Lin Wang & Xiaochan Wang & Yinyan Shi & Zhenyu Yang, 2023. "Parameter Calibration of Cabbages ( Brassica oleracea L.) Based on the Discrete Element Method," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Hengshan Zhou & Fei Dai & Ruijie Shi & Cai Zhao & Huan Deng & Haifu Pan & Qinxue Zhao, 2024. "Simulation and Optimization of a Pendulum-Lever-Type Hole-Seeding Device," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, May.
    4. Weiquan Fang & Xinzhong Wang & Dianlei Han & Xuegeng Chen, 2022. "Review of Material Parameter Calibration Method," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Adilet Sugirbay & Kaiyuan Zhao & Guangyao Liu & Guangrui Hu & Jun Chen & Zhasulan Mustafin & Ruslan Iskakov & Nurbol Kakabayev & Marat Muratkhan & Valery Khan & Yu Chen & Shuo Zhang, 2023. "Double Disc Colter for a Zero-Till Seeder Simultaneously Applying Granular Fertilizers and Wheat Seeds," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Yu Chen & Yuming Cheng & Jun Chen & Zhiqi Zheng & Chenwei Hu & Jiayu Cao, 2021. "Design and Experiment of the Buckwheat Hill-Drop Planter Hole Forming Device," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    7. Jian Wang & Kailin Ren & Zhe Li & Longfei Zhang, 2024. "An Investigation on a Comprehensive Calibration Technique to Determine the Discrete Elemental Characteristics of Unrotted Sheep Dung at Varying Water Concentrations," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-22, October.
    8. Guoqiang Dun & Quanbao Sheng & Xinxin Ji & Chaoxia Zhang & Shang Gao & Yuhan Wei & Yinan Han, 2024. "Optimal Design and Experiment of Electronically Controlled Inclined Spiral Precision Fertilizer Discharger," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-22, July.
    9. Deli Jiang & Xuegeng Chen & Limin Yan & Haixiao Gou & Jiacheng Yang & Ying Li, 2023. "Parameter Calibration of Discrete Element Model for Cotton Rootstalk–Soil Mixture at Harvest Stage in Xinjiang Cotton Field," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:12:p:2285-:d:1301605. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.