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Temporal and Spatial Positioning of Service Crops in Cereals Affects Yield and Weed Control

Author

Listed:
  • Elsa Lagerquist

    (Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • Alexander Menegat

    (Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • Anna Sigrun Dahlin

    (Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • David Parsons

    (Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden)

  • Christine Watson

    (Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
    Department of Rural Land Use, Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK)

  • Per Ståhl

    (The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, 58576 Vreta Kloster, Sweden)

  • Anita Gunnarsson

    (The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society, 29192 Kristianstad, Sweden)

  • Göran Bergkvist

    (Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden)

Abstract

Leguminous service crops (SCs) can provide multiple services to cropping systems, reducing the reliance on external resources if sufficient biomass is produced. However, rapid light and temperature reductions limit post-harvest cultivation of SCs in Northern Europe. A novel practice of intercropping SCs in two consecutive crops (spring–winter cereal) to extend the period of SCs growth, and hence improve yield and reduce weeds, was tested. Three spatial and temporal arrangements of SCs and cash crops were investigated, as well as three SC mixtures, characterized by their longevity and frost sensitivity. Compared to no SC, the best performing mixture, frost-tolerant annuals, increased grain and N yield of winter wheat by 10% and 19%, respectively, and reduced weed biomass by 15% and 26% in oats and winter wheat, respectively. These effects were attributed to high biomass production and winter survival. However, this SC reduced oat yields by 15% compared to no SC. Furthermore, SC growth and service provision varied largely between experiments, driven by the weather conditions. Extending the SC’s growth period by intercropping in two consecutive cereal crops has potential, but locally adapted species choices and establishment strategies are needed to ensure SC vitality until termination.

Suggested Citation

  • Elsa Lagerquist & Alexander Menegat & Anna Sigrun Dahlin & David Parsons & Christine Watson & Per Ståhl & Anita Gunnarsson & Göran Bergkvist, 2022. "Temporal and Spatial Positioning of Service Crops in Cereals Affects Yield and Weed Control," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:9:p:1398-:d:907044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schipanski, Meagan E. & Barbercheck, Mary & Douglas, Margaret R. & Finney, Denise M. & Haider, Kristin & Kaye, Jason P. & Kemanian, Armen R. & Mortensen, David A. & Ryan, Matthew R. & Tooker, John & W, 2014. "A framework for evaluating ecosystem services provided by cover crops in agroecosystems," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 12-22.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lagerquist, Elsa & Vogeler, Iris & Kumar, Uttam & Bergkvist, Göran & Lana, Marcos & Watson, Christine A. & Parsons, David, 2024. "Assessing the effect of intercropped leguminous service crops on main crops and soil processes using APSIM NG," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

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