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Assessment of Seasonal Rainfall Drought Indices, Nyala City Sudan

Author

Listed:
  • Isameldin Abakar Atiem

    (Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nyala, Nyala 63311, Sudan)

  • Magdi S. A. Siddig

    (School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)

  • Shindume Lomboleni Hamukwaya

    (School of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Namibia, Ongwediva 33004, Namibia)

  • Hussein Ibrahim Ahmed

    (Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nyala, Nyala 63311, Sudan)

  • Mazahir M. M. Taha

    (Civil Engineering Department, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum 1432, Sudan)

  • Salma Ibrahim

    (School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)

  • Yahia Osman

    (Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22301, Egypt)

Abstract

Drought is an unpredictable hydrological phenomenon, and climate change has made it difficult to predict and analyze droughts. Nyala city airport metrological station rainfall records from 1943 to 2017 (75 years) were investigated. Four statistical drought indices were used; the standardized precipitation index (SPI), the rainfall anomaly index (RAI), the rainfall decile percent index (RDI), and the percent normal precipitation index (PNI). The study analyzes, assesses, compares, and determines the proper drought index. Results show that annual normal drought class (DC4) percentages for PNI, RDI, and RAI are not significantly different at an average of 42% and 65.3% for SPI at a frequency of 49 years. In comparing the average monthly and yearly drought frequency values and considering the historical dry and wet droughts, results showed the indices performance rank as: SPI, RAI, RDI, and PNI. Result reveals that the SPI was superior in all analyses, but it had some defects in detecting monthly dry drought when precipitation is dominated by rare or zero values (start and end of the rainy season). This was concluded and revealed by conducting a zone chart showing the deviations of standard deviation about the mean. Thus, the SPI index outperforms the other three indices.

Suggested Citation

  • Isameldin Abakar Atiem & Magdi S. A. Siddig & Shindume Lomboleni Hamukwaya & Hussein Ibrahim Ahmed & Mazahir M. M. Taha & Salma Ibrahim & Yahia Osman, 2022. "Assessment of Seasonal Rainfall Drought Indices, Nyala City Sudan," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:1069-:d:867996
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    Cited by:

    1. Bright Chisadza & Onalenna Gwate & France Ncube & Nkululeko Mpofu, 2023. "Assessment and characterisation of hydrometeorological droughts in the Upper Mzingwane sub-catchment of Zimbabwe," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 116(3), pages 3275-3299, April.

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