Working Performance of the Low-Adhesion and Anti-Slip Bionic Press Roller in the Rice–Wheat Rotation Area

During the working process of a conventional press roller in the rice–wheat rotation area, the phenomenon of soil adhesion and a large slip rate, which are directly related to the growth and the output of the wheat, occurred widely. It was found that the geometric structure of the back surface was one of the key reasons for Carabus formosus nili exhibiting low adhesion against the soil. In this paper, lessons are drawn from the non-smooth morphology theory and bionics principle. The bionic press rollers with bionically convex hull structures were designed after learning from the geometric structure of Carabus formosus nili , which modifies the geometric structure of the conventional press roller. The three-dimensional simulation model of a bionic press roller and soil was constructed in the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software(ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA, USA) to simulate the dynamic process of the interaction between the bionic roller and soil and to verify the rationality of the design of the bionic press roller. Based on the simulation of the interaction between the bionic press roller and the soil, the main factors affecting the bionic roller were determined: forward speed, load, and structural parameters. The field tests were carried out, and the orthogonal test was used to investigate the effects of forward speed, load, and structural parameters on the operation performance of the bionic press roller. Through the orthogonal test, the primary and secondary order of forward speed, load, and axial spacing were obtained. The optimal combination was: forward speed 7 km/h, load 400 N, and axial spacing 40 mm. This study provides a new idea and reference for the design of a press roller for wheat sowing in the rice–wheat rotation area.