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Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources of Bambara Groundnut Conserved Ex Situ and Genetic Diversification of Its Primary Genepool for Semi-Arid Production

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  • Josephine Tafadzwa Pasipanodya

    (Faculty of Agriculture, Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek P.O. Box 13001, Namibia
    School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa)

  • Lydia Ndinelao Horn

    (Faculty of Agriculture, Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek P.O. Box 13001, Namibia
    Multi-Disciplinary Research, Centre for Research Services, University of Namibia, Windhoek P.O. Box 13001, Namibia)

  • Enoch Gbenato Achigan-Dako

    (Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Science, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, Benin)

  • Rudo Musango

    (Center for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation, Hamaraya University, Dire Dawa P.O. Box 138, Ethiopia)

  • Julia Sibiya

    (School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa)

Abstract

Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) is a nutritious and drought-tolerant crop that is native to Africa. Currently, it possesses a cosmopolitan distribution across the semi-arid agro-ecologies of Africa and its cultivation has extended to other regions, particularly in the drier parts of Asia and Indonesia. Due to historic neglect, research on the crop and policy prioritization in national breeding programs is lagging; hence, varietal development is in its infancy. Farmers rely on traditional landraces, which are characterized by low productivity and yield. Breeding for moisture stress adaptation and high yield is crucial to improve its productivity and adequate genetic diversity is desired to strengthen resiliency for climate adaptation and nutritional and food security. Nevertheless, thousands of plant genetic resources (PGRs) conserved in several genebanks are still not being fully utilized to reintroduce lost diversity into farmers’ fields and pre-breeding activities. The exploitation of ex situ conserved PGRs has been minimal due to a lack of extensive genetic characterization. Thus, to harness utilization of the PGRs in genetic improvement programs, holistic strategies including the traditional genomic resources and participatory-led trait discoveries are needed to bridge the gap between conservation and utilization of ex situ germplasm. This review focuses on the PGRs of bambara, methods to widen genetic diversity, genomic resources, and high-throughput phenotyping to enhance the utilization of genetic resources in pre-breeding programs, and approaches to identify useful adaptive features for yield and drought.

Suggested Citation

  • Josephine Tafadzwa Pasipanodya & Lydia Ndinelao Horn & Enoch Gbenato Achigan-Dako & Rudo Musango & Julia Sibiya, 2022. "Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources of Bambara Groundnut Conserved Ex Situ and Genetic Diversification of Its Primary Genepool for Semi-Arid Production," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:4:p:492-:d:784135
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ganjeali, Ali & Porsa, Hassan & Bagheri, Abdolreza, 2011. "Assessment of Iranian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasms for drought tolerance," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(9), pages 1477-1484, July.
    2. Rosegrant, Mark W. & Koo, Jawoo & Cenacchi, Nicola & Ringler, Claudia & Robertson, Richard D. & Fisher, Myles & Cox, Cindy M. & Garrett, Karen & Perez, Nicostrato D. & Sabbagh, Pascale, 2014. "Synopsis of Food security in a world of natural resource scarcity: The role of agricultural technologies:," Issue briefs 81, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    3. Md Mahmudul Hasan Khan & Mohd Y. Rafii & Shairul Izan Ramlee & Mashitah Jusoh & Md Al-Mamun, 2021. "Bambara Groundnut ( Vigna subterranea L. Verdc): A Crop for the New Millennium, Its Genetic Diversity, and Improvements to Mitigate Future Food and Nutritional Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-27, May.
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