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Phosphorus in Spring Barley and Italian Rye-Grass Biomass as an Effect of Inter-Species Interactions under Water Deficit

Author

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  • Marta K. Kostrzewska

    (Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Magdalena Jastrzębska

    (Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Kinga Treder

    (Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Maria Wanic

    (Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

With global warming, the problem of soil water deficit is growing in Central Europe, including Poland, and the use of catch crops is recommended to mitigate climate changes. This study aimed to determine the influence of water deficit on phosphorus (P) content and accumulation in the above-ground biomass of spring barley and Italian rye-grass growing separately and in the mixture, and on the inter-species interactions between these crops. The study was based on a pot experiment established in accordance with the additive design. The experimental factors were as follows: A. water supply of the plants: an optimal dose and a dose reduced by 50% in relation to the optimal dose, and B. the sowing type: barley sown as a single species, rye-grass sown as a single species, and barley with rye-grass catch crop. Based on the P accumulation in plant biomass, the relative yield of barley and rye-grass, the total relative yield, and the competitive equilibrium index were determined. Water deficit had no effect on the P content in the plants, but it reduced the P accumulation in barley stems, leaves and spikes, as well as in rye-grass stems and leaves, from the emergence to the end of plants’ growing period, both when the plants were sown as a single species and as a mixture. Barley was a stronger competitor than rye-grass. Inter-species competition occurred at the stem elongation and heading of barley. The intensification of inter-species competition for P under water deficit conditions should be taken into account when recommending the undersowing of barley with rye-grass for sustainable agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta K. Kostrzewska & Magdalena Jastrzębska & Kinga Treder & Maria Wanic, 2020. "Phosphorus in Spring Barley and Italian Rye-Grass Biomass as an Effect of Inter-Species Interactions under Water Deficit," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:8:p:329-:d:394631
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rahetlah, Volatsara B. & Randrianaivoarivony, Jean M. & Andrianarisoa, Blandine & Razafimpamoa, Lucile H. & Ramalanjaona, Vololoniaina L., 2013. "Yields and Quality of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and Common Vetch (Vicia sativa) Grown in Monocultures and Mixed Cultures under Irrigated Conditions in the Highlands of Madagascar," Sustainable Agriculture Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 2(1).
    2. SMIT Bert & JANSSENS Bas & HAAGSMA Wiepie & HENNEN Wil & ADRADOS Jose Luis & KATHAGE Jonas, 2019. "Adoption of cover crops for climate change mitigation in the EU," JRC Research Reports JRC116730, Joint Research Centre.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcelo A. Guancha-Chalapud & Liliana Serna-Cock & Diego F. Tirado, 2022. "Hydrogels Are Reinforced with Colombian Fique Nanofibers to Improve Techno-Functional Properties for Agricultural Purposes," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, January.
    2. Anna Wenda-Piesik & Agnieszka Synowiec, 2021. "Productive and Ecological Aspects of Mixed Cropping System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-3, April.

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