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Order Flow, Trading Costs and Corporate Acquisition Announcements

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  • Jennifer Conrad
  • Cathy M. Niden

Abstract

The bid-ask spread is an important element of investors' transactions costs. Theoretical papers decompose the spread into adverse selection, inventory cost, and order processing cost components. The order processing cost component compensates the stock exchange specialist for providing immediacy to buyers and sellers. The inventory cost component compensates the specialist for the risk of holding an inventory of a stock. The inventory component is larger for high-priced stocks, stocks which trade infrequently, and stocks with a relatively uncertain value. This study focuses on the adverse selection component of the spread, which compensates the specialist for losses to traders who have inside information. Prior theoretical work suggests that the adverse selection component will be larger, the greater the proportion of traders who have private information. The specialist will widen the spread in response to a perceived increase in the probability that the next trader is privately informed. Prior studies also suggest that privately informed traders will generally trade larger amounts than uninformed traders. Consequently, trade size should impart information about the probability that a trader is privately informed.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer Conrad & Cathy M. Niden, 1992. "Order Flow, Trading Costs and Corporate Acquisition Announcements," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 21(4), Winter.
    • Handle: RePEc:fma:fmanag:conrad92
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Andriy Bodnaruk & Massimo Massa & Andrei Simonov, 2009. "Investment Banks as Insiders and the Market for Corporate Control," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(12), pages 4989-5026, December.
    2. Tao Zhang & Larry A. Cox & Robert A. Van Ness, 2009. "Adverse Selection and the Opaqueness of Insurers," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 76(2), pages 295-321, June.
    3. Cheng, Louis & Firth, Michael & Leung, T.Y. & Rui, Oliver, 2006. "The effects of insider trading on liquidity," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 14(5), pages 467-483, November.
    4. Clements, Marcus & Singh, Harminder, 2011. "An analysis of trading in target stocks before successful takeover announcements," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Martin Bugeja & Vinay Patel & Terry Walter, 2015. "The microstructure of Australian takeover announcements," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 40(1), pages 161-188, February.
    6. Neal, Robert & Wheatley, Simon M., 1998. "Adverse selection and bid-ask spreads: Evidence from closed-end funds," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 121-149, April.
    7. Yuan Gao & Derek Oler, 2012. "Rumors and pre-announcement trading: why sell target stocks before acquisition announcements?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 485-508, November.
    8. Monaco, Eleonora & Ibikunle, Gbenga & Palumbo, Riccardo & Zhang, Zeyu, 2022. "The liquidity and trading activity effects of acquisition payment methods: Evidence from the announcements of private firms' acquisitions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    9. Sabet, Amir H. & Heaney, Richard, 2015. "Bid-ask spread, information asymmetry and acquisition of oil and gas assets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 77-84.
    10. Duong Nguyen & Tribhuvan Puri, 2014. "Information asymmetry and accounting restatement: NYSE-AMEX and NASDAQ evidence," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 211-244, August.

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