Evaluating a Decade of Landscape Resolutions in Poland: Progress, Challenges, and Effectiveness in Public Space Management

Purpose: The study examines how municipalities in Poland have addressed the challenge of preparing landscape resolutions over nearly a decade. These resolutions serve as tools enabling the regulation of outdoor advertising and signage. The objective of the study is to identify progress in the adoption of these resolutions and to evaluate their effectiveness in organizing and improving public spaces. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining an analysis of municipal activities, and case studies of selected cities that have implemented landscape resolutions. Data is drawn from legal documents, reports, and online sources, analyzed to assess trends, regional disparities, and barriers in applying the law. The effectiveness of legal regulations was evaluated using a SWOT analysis. Findings: The study reveals that, despite providing municipalities with tools to regulate urban aesthetics, the act’s adoption is limited, with only a small percentage of municipalities enacting landscape resolutions. Key barriers include resource constraints, procedural complexity, and resistance from stakeholders in the advertising sector. Definitional ambiguities in the act lead to inconsistent interpretations and enforcement, hindering its full potential. However, cities that have effectively utilized the act demonstrate noticeable improvements in public space aesthetics. Practical Implications: The findings offer actionable insights for policymakers, suggesting the need for clearer legal definitions, increased financial and technical support for municipalities, and public awareness campaigns to foster community engagement in urban aesthetic management. Originality/Value: The study contributes to the niche topic of urban aesthetics in post-socialist countries and includes practical recommendations that could positively influence urban landscape management and the aesthetics of public spaces.