Turnover in public accounting firms: a literature review

Purpose - This paper reviews and synthesizes the extensive literature that investigates turnover in public accounting firms. Design/methodology/approach - This paper initially identifies turnover studies by searching two commonly used business databases,ABI and Business Source. Subsequently, references in these studies are examined. Over 100 published studies of accounting firms are identified. Findings - Prior turnover studies can be classified by the underlying theory: psychological attachment; role theory; mentoring; and organizational justice. Using these theories, prior research has examined a wide variety of issues such as the role of gender in turnover. Practical implications - Turnover is a significant and long-term problem in accounting firms. Practitioners and researchers have long noted that firms lose the costs of training employees who leave the firm. Recently, many in the auditing field have recognized that employee turnover may reduce audit quality. This paper summarizes prior turnover research, which may provide guidance to future researchers and managers of accounting firms. Originality/value - This study fills a void in the accounting literature, which is missing a comprehensive and up to date review of prior studies of turnover in accounting firms. Opportunities for future research are also explored. While much has been learned, some theoretical and methodological issues remain unresolved.