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Hedging effectiveness of REIT futures

Author

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  • Chyi Lin Lee
  • Ming‐Long Lee

Abstract

Purpose - The hedging effectiveness of real estate investment trust (REIT) futures as a critical issue in response to the global REIT market has been extremely volatile in recent years, however few studies have been placed on this area. This study aims to fill in this gap and examine the hedging effectiveness of Australian and Japanese REIT futures over 2002‐2010. Design/methodology/approach - The analysis of this study involves two stages. The first stage is to estimate optimal hedge ratios. A variety of hedging methods is employed, including a traditional hedge, an ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a bivariate GARCH model. Thereafter, the hedging effectiveness of these strategies is assessed individually. Findings - The empirical results show REIT futures are effective hedging instruments in which a risk reduction of 37 per cent‐78 per cent (34 per cent‐52 per cent) for Australian (Japanese) REITs is evident. Importantly, the results also reveal that REIT futures outperform other hedging instruments in which a weaker risk reduction is found by stock, interest rate and foreign currency futures contracts. Moreover, the hedging effectiveness of REIT futures is dynamic and varies over time. Practical implications - The findings enable more informed and practical investment decision‐making regarding the role of REIT futures in risk management. Originality/value - This paper, as far as the authors are aware, is the first study to offer empirical evidence of the risk‐reduction effectiveness of REIT futures. The hedging effectiveness of REIT futures is also compared to other hedging instruments for the first time.

Suggested Citation

  • Chyi Lin Lee & Ming‐Long Lee, 2012. "Hedging effectiveness of REIT futures," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 30(3), pages 257-281, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jpifpp:v:30:y:2012:i:3:p:257-281
    DOI: 10.1108/14635781211223824
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Meenakshi Malhotra, 2015. "Evaluating the Hedging Performance of Oil and Oilseeds Futures in India," Paradigm, , vol. 19(2), pages 184-196, December.
    2. Robbie Lin & Chyi Lin Lee & Graeme Newell, 2019. "The significance of Residential REITs in Japan as an Institutionalized property sector," ERES eres2019_122, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    3. Lee, Chyi Lin & Stevenson, Simon & Cho, Hyunbum, 2022. "Listed real estate futures trading, market efficiency, and direct real estate linkages: International evidence," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    4. Clements, Sherwood & Tidwell, Alan & Jin, Changha, 2017. "Futures markets and real estate public equity: Connectivity of lumber futures and Timber REITs," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 70-79.
    5. Lerskullawat, Polwat, 2019. "Hedging Effectiveness on the Thailand Futures Exchange Market," Asian Journal of Applied Economics, Kasetsart University, Center for Applied Economics Research, vol. 26(2), December.
    6. Yu Cheng Lin & Chyi Lin Lee & Graeme Newell, 2019. "The significance of residential REITs in Japan as an institutionalised property sector," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 37(4), pages 363-379, May.
    7. Chyi Lee & Simon Stevenson & Ming-Long Lee, 2014. "Futures Trading, Spot Price Volatility and Market Efficiency: Evidence from European Real Estate Securities Futures," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 299-322, February.
    8. Zhou, Jian, 2016. "Hedging performance of REIT index futures: A comparison of alternative hedge ratio estimation methods," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 52(PB), pages 690-698.

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