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Correlation structure of real estate markets over time

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  • Felix Schindler

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the time‐varying correlation structure of international real estate stock markets and its implications for portfolio management. Design/methodology/approach - The analysis focuses on real estate markets only and examines the appropriateness of the Markowitz approach based on mean‐variance‐optimization. Therefore, the properties of the return distributions are analyzed first. Afterwards, the stability of the correlation and covariance structure over time is analyzed and statistically tested by the Jennrich test. Findings - Because of low correlation among real estate markets worldwide there exists diversification benefits from broadening the investment horizon to international real estate markets. However, using correlation coefficients as a measure for diversification benefits is limited by empirical findings: Returns are not normally distributed, correlations increase in downward moving phases and neither the correlation nor the covariance structures are statistically stable over time. Therefore, mean‐variance optimization is inherent with misleading results. Originality/value - The study provides some interesting and valuable insights into the correlation structure of real estate stock markets over time and the limitations for portfolio management based on mean‐variance‐optimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Schindler, 2009. "Correlation structure of real estate markets over time," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 27(6), pages 579-592, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jpifpp:v:27:y:2009:i:6:p:579-592
    DOI: 10.1108/14635780910993177
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jian Zhou, 2010. "Comovement of international real estate securities returns: a wavelet analysis," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(4), pages 357-373, August.
    2. Ayub, Usman & Shah, Syed Zulfiqar Ali & Abbas, Qaisar, 2015. "Robust analysis for downside risk in portfolio management for a volatile stock market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 86-96.
    3. Fan, Ying & Yang, Zan & Yavas, Abdullah, 2019. "Understanding real estate price dynamics: The case of housing prices in five major cities of China✰," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 37-55.
    4. Patrick Krieger & Carsten Lausberg & Kristin Wellner, 2018. "Einblicke in die Gründe für nicht-normalverteilte Immobilienrenditen: eine explorative Untersuchung deutscher Wohnimmobilienportfolios [Insights into the reasons for non-normal real estate returns:," Zeitschrift für Immobilienökonomie (German Journal of Real Estate Research), Springer;Gesellschaft für Immobilienwirtschaftliche Forschung e. V., vol. 4(1), pages 49-79, November.

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