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Human capital accumulation, income distribution, and economic growth: a demand-led analytical framework

Author

Listed:
  • Gilberto Tadeu Lima

    (Department of Economics, University of São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Laura Carvalho

    (Department of Economics, University of São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Gustavo Pereira Serra

    (Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA)

Abstract

This paper incorporates human capital accumulation through provision of universal public education by a balanced-budget government to a demand-driven analytical framework of functional distribution and growth of income. Human capital accumulation positively impacts on workers’ productivity in production and their bargaining power in wage negotiations. In the long-run equilibrium, a rise in the tax rate (which also denotes the share of output spent in human capital formation) lowers the pre- and after-tax wage share and physical capital utilization, and thus raises (lowers) the output growth rate when the latter is profit-led (wage-led). The impact of a higher tax rate on the employment rate (which also measures human capital utilization) in the long-run equilibrium is negative (ambiguous) when output growth is wage-led (profit-led). In any case, the supply of higher-skilled workers does not automatically create its own demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilberto Tadeu Lima & Laura Carvalho & Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2021. "Human capital accumulation, income distribution, and economic growth: a demand-led analytical framework," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 9(3), pages 319-336, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:elg:rokejn:v:9:y:2021:i:3:p319-336
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Gilberto Tadeu Lima & Laura Barbosa de Carvalho & Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2024. "Human Capital Accumulation and Output Growth in Demand-led Macrodynamics," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2024_23, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP), revised 28 Aug 2024.
    2. de Oliveira, Guilherme & Lima, Gilberto Tadeu, 2022. "Economic growth as a double-edged sword: The pollution-adjusted Kaldor-Verdoorn effect," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    3. Laura Barbosa de Carvalho & Gilberto Tadeu Lima & Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2024. "Household debt, knowledge capital accumulation, and macrodynamic performance," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(1), pages 84-116, January.
    4. Sasaki, Hiroaki & Sonoda, Ryunosuke, 2024. "Income Redistribution Policy, Growth, Inequality, and Employment: A Long-Run Kaleckian Approach," MPRA Paper 121968, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Thomas Palley, 2022. "More on the limits of New Developmentalism," Working Papers PKWP2213, Post Keynesian Economics Society (PKES).
    6. Mark Setterfield, 2023. "Post-Keynesian growth theory and the supply side: a feminist-structuralist approach," Working Papers 2302, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    human capital; income distribution; economic growth; employment rate;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E25 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models

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