IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v167y2023ics096585642200297x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The impact of COVID-19 on route-level changes in transit demand an analysis of five transit agencies in Florida, USA

Author

Listed:
  • Patni, Sagar
  • Srinivasan, Sivaramakrishnan
  • Suarez, Juan

Abstract

This study examined the impacts of COVID-19 on changes in route-level transit demand across five transit agencies in the state of Florida. Data for 120 routes from five transit agencies were used to develop two-stage instrumental variable models. Data from January of 2019 to December of 2020 were used in the analysis. Routes that served a greater mix of land-uses experienced a smaller decline in ridership. The impacts of several other land-use variables were, however, not consistent across the five transit agencies. Fare suspension was estimated to have a positive impact on ridership. In contrast, occupancy reduction measures (to promote social distancing within the transit vehicle) had a very strong negative impact on demand. The magnitude of the negative impact of occupancy reduction was larger than the positive impacts of fare suspension. Extending this analysis to a larger set of routes across more agencies would be useful in enhancing the robustness of the findings from our models. Extending our analysis to include data from 2021 and later to capture the recovery phase is also an important direction for future work.

Suggested Citation

  • Patni, Sagar & Srinivasan, Sivaramakrishnan & Suarez, Juan, 2023. "The impact of COVID-19 on route-level changes in transit demand an analysis of five transit agencies in Florida, USA," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:167:y:2023:i:c:s096585642200297x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2022.11.014
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096585642200297X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tra.2022.11.014?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Diab, Ehab & Kasraian, Dena & Miller, Eric J. & Shalaby, Amer, 2020. "The rise and fall of transit ridership across Canada: Understanding the determinants," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 101-112.
    2. ., 2020. "Do trade unions champion worker interests?," Chapters, in: Managing the Cooperative Enterprise, chapter 4, pages 63-82, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Kar, Armita & Le, Huyen T. K. & Miller, Harvey J., 2021. "What is essential travel? Socio-economic differences in travel demand during the COVID-19 lockdown," OSF Preprints qtkhb, Center for Open Science.
    4. Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis & Oded Cats, 2021. "Public transport planning adaption under the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: literature review of research needs and directions," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(3), pages 374-392, May.
    5. Rebecca Brough & Matthew Freedman & David C. Phillips, 2021. "Understanding socioeconomic disparities in travel behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 753-774, September.
    6. Campbell, Kayleigh B. & Brakewood, Candace, 2017. "Sharing riders: How bikesharing impacts bus ridership in New York City," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 264-282.
    7. Gregory A. Wellenius & Swapnil Vispute & Valeria Espinosa & Alex Fabrikant & Thomas C. Tsai & Jonathan Hennessy & Andrew Dai & Brian Williams & Krishna Gadepalli & Adam Boulanger & Adam Pearce & Chait, 2021. "Impacts of social distancing policies on mobility and COVID-19 case growth in the US," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    8. Abizada, Azar & Bó, Inácio, 2021. "Hiring from a pool of workers," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 576-591.
    9. Currie, Graham & Delbosc, Alexa, 2011. "Understanding bus rapid transit route ridership drivers: An empirical study of Australian BRT systems," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 755-764, September.
    10. Ding Wang & Brian Yueshuai He & Jingqin Gao & Joseph Y. J. Chow & Kaan Ozbay & Shri Iyer, 2020. "Impact of COVID-19 behavioral inertia on reopening strategies for New York City Transit," Papers 2006.13368, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2021.
    11. Luyu Liu & Harvey J Miller & Jonathan Scheff, 2020. "The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on public transit demand in the United States," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-22, November.
    12. Jia, Jianlin & Chen, Yanyan & Wang, Yang & Li, Tongfei & Li, Yongxing, 2021. "A new global method for identifying urban rail transit key station during COVID-19: A case study of Beijing, China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 565(C).
    13. Jonathan Jay & Jacob Bor & Elaine O. Nsoesie & Sarah K. Lipson & David K. Jones & Sandro Galea & Julia Raifman, 2020. "Neighbourhood income and physical distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 1294-1302, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Binxin & Wu, Guangdong, 2023. "Multi-criteria analysis of cross-regional railways interconnection under the post COVID-19 pandemic crisis: A hybrid BWM-FAISM-DFS evaluation framework," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    2. Xu, Xinyue & Liu, Jing & Zhang, Anzhong & XieLan, Shiyu & Li, Zinuo & Liu, Jun & Ran, Bin, 2024. "The impacts of COVID-19 on route choice with guidance information in urban rail transit of megacities," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xin, Mengwei & Shalaby, Amer & Feng, Shumin & Zhao, Hu, 2021. "Impacts of COVID-19 on urban rail transit ridership using the Synthetic Control Method," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1-16.
    2. Soria, Jason & Edward, Deirdre & Stathopoulos, Amanda, 2023. "Requiem for transit ridership? An examination of who abandoned, who will return, and who will ride more with mobility as a service," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 139-154.
    3. Ziedan, Abubakr & Lima, Luiz & Brakewood, Candace, 2023. "A multiple mediation analysis to untangle the impacts of COVID-19 on nationwide bus ridership in the United States," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    4. Kim, Suji & Lee, Sujin & Ko, Eunjeong & Jang, Kitae & Yeo, Jiho, 2021. "Changes in car and bus usage amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Relationship with land use and land price," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    5. Ting Zhang & Dan Gerlowski & Zoltan Acs, 2022. "Working from home: small business performance and the COVID-19 pandemic," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 611-636, February.
    6. Sangwan Lee & Liming Wang, 2022. "Intermediate Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Prices of Housing near Light Rail Transit: A Case Study of the Portland Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    7. Diab, Ehab & Kasraian, Dena & Miller, Eric J. & Shalaby, Amer, 2020. "The rise and fall of transit ridership across Canada: Understanding the determinants," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 101-112.
    8. Wang, Jueyu & Kaza, Nikhil & McDonald, Noreen C. & Khanal, Kshitiz, 2022. "Socio-economic disparities in activity-travel behavior adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 70-78.
    9. Khatun, Farzana & Saphores, Jean-Daniel, 2023. "Covid-19, intentions to change modes, and how they materialized - Results from a random survey of Californians," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    10. Erhardt, Gregory D. & Hoque, Jawad Mahmud & Goyal, Vedant & Berrebi, Simon & Brakewood, Candace & Watkins, Kari E., 2022. "Why has public transit ridership declined in the United States?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 68-87.
    11. Matthew Palm & Jeff Allen & Yixue Zhang & Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken & Brice Batomen & Steven Farber & Michael Widener, 2024. "Facing the future of transit ridership: shifting attitudes towards public transit and auto ownership among transit riders during COVID-19," Transportation, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 645-671, April.
    12. Nie, Qifan & Qian, Xinwu & Guo, Shuocheng & Jones, Steven & Doustmohammadi, Mehrnaz & Anderson, Michael D., 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 on paratransit operators and riders: A case study of central Alabama," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 48-67.
    13. Hu, Songhua & Xiong, Chenfeng & Liu, Zhanqin & Zhang, Lei, 2021. "Examining spatiotemporal changing patterns of bike-sharing usage during COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    14. Kim, Junghwan & Kwan, Mei-Po, 2021. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people's mobility: A longitudinal study of the U.S. from March to September of 2020," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    15. Schouten, Andrew & Kawano, Yoh, 2024. "COVID-19 and the demand for transit access: Residential real estate prices in the Tokyo metropolitan area," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    16. Karimi, Sina & Samadzad, Mahdi & Lesteven, Gaele, 2024. "Navigating public transport during a pandemic: Key lessons on travel behavior and social equity from two surveys in Tehran," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    17. Chen, Ruoyu & Zhang, Min & Zhou, Jiangping, 2023. "Jobs-housing relationships before and amid COVID-19: An excess-commuting approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    18. Yu, Chengcheng & Dong, Wentao & Liu, Yunhao & Yang, Chao & Yuan, Quan, 2024. "Rethinking bus ridership dynamics: Examining nonlinear effects of determinants on bus ridership changes using city-level panel data from 2010 to 2019," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 85-100.
    19. Julene Paul & Brian D. Taylor, 2024. "Pandemic transit: examining transit use changes and equity implications in Boston, Houston, and Los Angeles," Transportation, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 615-643, April.
    20. Kaixin Zhu & Zhifeng Cheng & Jianghao Wang, 2024. "Measuring Chinese mobility behaviour during COVID-19 using geotagged social media data," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:167:y:2023:i:c:s096585642200297x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/547/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.