IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v162y2022icp175-187.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring non-linear built environment effects on the integration of free-floating bike-share and urban rail transport: A quantile regression approach

Author

Listed:
  • Cheng, Long
  • Wang, Kailai
  • De Vos, Jonas
  • Huang, Jie
  • Witlox, Frank

Abstract

Bike-sharing offers a convenient feeder mode for connecting to public transport, which helps to address the last-mile problem. However, few studies have examined the nuanced relationship between the built environment and the integration of free-floating bike-sharing (FFBS) with urban rail transport (URT). Drawing on weekly records of 3.12 million trips of the FFBS system in Nanjing, China, we examined the nonlinear effects of the built environment on FFBS-URT integrated use. A quantile regression method is utilised to estimate the relationships for morning and evening peaks, respectively. The results demonstrate the existence of the nonlinearity of the relationships. The effects of the built environment show variations in the significance levels and magnitudes of coefficients, depending on the quantiles. For example, the length of minor roads in station areas is strongly related to the integrated use at low quantile stations, whereas this effect is not statistically significant at medium and high quantiles. We also find that bicycle infrastructure displays more salient nonlinear effects than land-use variables and external transport facilities. In addition, temporal differences in the relationships between the built environment and the integrated use are also unveiled. Our findings help to inform dedicated and effective built environment interventions which support the planning of seamless connections between bike-sharing and urban rail transport.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheng, Long & Wang, Kailai & De Vos, Jonas & Huang, Jie & Witlox, Frank, 2022. "Exploring non-linear built environment effects on the integration of free-floating bike-share and urban rail transport: A quantile regression approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 175-187.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:162:y:2022:i:c:p:175-187
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2022.05.022
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856422001434
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tra.2022.05.022?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Böcker, Lars & Anderson, Ellinor & Uteng, Tanu Priya & Throndsen, Torstein, 2020. "Bike sharing use in conjunction to public transport: Exploring spatiotemporal, age and gender dimensions in Oslo, Norway," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 389-401.
    2. Gu, Tianqi & Kim, Inhi & Currie, Graham, 2019. "Measuring immediate impacts of a new mass transit system on an existing bike-share system in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 20-39.
    3. Xiao, Chaowei & Silva, Elisabete A. & Zhang, Chuchu, 2020. "Nine-nine-six work system and people’s movement patterns: Using big data sets to analyse overtime working in Shanghai," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    4. Campbell, Kayleigh B. & Brakewood, Candace, 2017. "Sharing riders: How bikesharing impacts bus ridership in New York City," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 264-282.
    5. Guo, Yuanyuan & He, Sylvia Y., 2021. "The role of objective and perceived built environments in affecting dockless bike-sharing as a feeder mode choice of metro commuting," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 377-396.
    6. Martin, Elliot W. & Shaheen, Susan A., 2014. "Evaluating public transit modal shift dynamics in response to bikesharing: a tale of two U.S. cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 315-324.
    7. Xinwei Ma & Yanjie Ji & Yuchuan Jin & Jianbiao Wang & Mingjia He, 2018. "Modeling the Factors Influencing the Activity Spaces of Bikeshare around Metro Stations: A Spatial Regression Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, October.
    8. Martin, Elliot PhD & Shaheen, Susan PhD, 2014. "Evaluating Public Transit Modal Shift Dynamics In Response to Bikesharing: A Tale of Two U.S. Cities," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt6x29n876, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    9. Zhao, De & Ong, Ghim Ping, 2021. "Geo-fenced parking spaces identification for free-floating bicycle sharing system," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 49-63.
    10. Chandra, Shailesh & Bari, Muhammad Ehsanul & Devarasetty, Prem Chand & Vadali, Sharada, 2013. "Accessibility evaluations of feeder transit services," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 47-63.
    11. Roger Koenker & Kevin F. Hallock, 2001. "Quantile Regression," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(4), pages 143-156, Fall.
    12. Fishman, Elliot & Washington, Simon & Haworth, Narelle & Watson, Angela, 2015. "Factors influencing bike share membership: An analysis of Melbourne and Brisbane," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 17-30.
    13. Mengwei Chen & Dianhai Wang & Yilin Sun & E. Owen D. Waygood & Wentao Yang, 2020. "A comparison of users’ characteristics between station-based bikesharing system and free-floating bikesharing system: case study in Hangzhou, China," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 689-704, April.
    14. Mohanty, Sudatta & Bansal, Sugam & Bairwa, Khushi, 2017. "Effect of integration of bicyclists and pedestrians with transit in New Delhi," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 31-40.
    15. Gu, Tianqi & Kim, Inhi & Currie, Graham, 2019. "To be or not to be dockless: Empirical analysis of dockless bikeshare development in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 122-147.
    16. Caset, Freke & Blainey, Simon & Derudder, Ben & Boussauw, Kobe & Witlox, Frank, 2020. "Integrating node-place and trip end models to explore drivers of rail ridership in Flanders, Belgium," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    17. Xu, Yiming & Yan, Xiang & Liu, Xinyu & Zhao, Xilei, 2021. "Identifying key factors associated with ridesplitting adoption rate and modeling their nonlinear relationships," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 170-188.
    18. Cheng, Long & Yang, Junjian & Chen, Xuewu & Cao, Mengqiu & Zhou, Hang & Sun, Yu, 2020. "How could the station-based bike sharing system and the free-floating bike sharing system be coordinated?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    19. Ding, Chuan & Cao, Xinyu (Jason) & Næss, Petter, 2018. "Applying gradient boosting decision trees to examine non-linear effects of the built environment on driving distance in Oslo," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 107-117.
    20. Lowry, Michael B. & Furth, Peter & Hadden-Loh, Tracy, 2016. "Prioritizing new bicycle facilities to improve low-stress network connectivity," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 124-140.
    21. Mingyang Du & Lin Cheng, 2018. "Better Understanding the Characteristics and Influential Factors of Different Travel Patterns in Free-Floating Bike Sharing: Evidence from Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, April.
    22. Tao, Tao & Wang, Jueyu & Cao, Xinyu, 2020. "Exploring the non-linear associations between spatial attributes and walking distance to transit," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    23. Melo, Patricia C. & Graham, Daniel J. & Noland, Robert B., 2009. "A meta-analysis of estimates of urban agglomeration economies," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 332-342, May.
    24. Zhao, Pengjun & Li, Shengxiao, 2017. "Bicycle-metro integration in a growing city: The determinants of cycling as a transfer mode in metro station areas in Beijing," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 46-60.
    25. Martens, Karel, 2007. "Promoting bike-and-ride: The Dutch experience," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 41(4), pages 326-338, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yiwei Bai & Yihang Bai & Ruoyu Wang & Tianren Yang & Xinyao Song & Bo Bai, 2023. "Exploring Associations between the Built Environment and Cycling Behaviour around Urban Greenways from a Human-Scale Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Yifeng Ren & Min Yang & Enhui Chen & Long Cheng & Yalong Yuan, 2024. "Exploring passengers’ choice of transfer city in air-to-rail intermodal travel using an interpretable ensemble machine learning approach," Transportation, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 1493-1523, August.
    3. Yang, Hongtai & Luo, Peng & Li, Chaojing & Zhai, Guocong & Yeh, Anthony G.O., 2023. "Nonlinear effects of fare discounts and built environment on ridesplitting adoption rates," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    4. Tao, Sui & Cheng, Long & He, Sylvia & Witlox, Frank, 2023. "Examining the non-linear effects of transit accessibility on daily trip duration: A focus on the low-income population," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    5. Zu, Jinyan & Kong, Hui & Xu, Yang & Zhang, Xiaohu, 2024. "Carsharing in China: Impact of system and urban factors on usage and efficiency," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    6. Wang, Kailai & Chen, Zhenhua & Cheng, Long & Zhu, Pengyu & Shi, Jian & Bian, Zheyong, 2023. "Integrating spatial statistics and machine learning to identify relationships between e-commerce and distribution facilities in Texas, US," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    7. Qinglin Jia & Tao Zhang & Long Cheng & Gang Cheng & Minjie Jin, 2022. "The Impact of the Neighborhood Built Environment on the Walking Activity of Older Adults: A Multi-Scale Spatial Heterogeneity Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-20, October.
    8. Liu, Yang & Feng, Tao & Shi, Zhuangbin & He, Mingwei, 2022. "Understanding the route choice behaviour of metro-bikeshare users," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 460-475.
    9. Yin, Zehui & Rybarczyk, Greg & Zheng, Anran & Su, Lin & Sun, Bingrong & Yan, Xiang, 2024. "Shared micromobility as a first- and last-mile transit solution? Spatiotemporal insights from a novel dataset," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    10. Chen, Wendong & Chen, Xuewu & Cheng, Long & Liu, Xize & Chen, Jingxu, 2022. "Delineating borders of urban activity zones with free-floating bike sharing spatial interaction network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    11. Lv, Huitao & Li, Haojie & Chen, Yanlu & Feng, Tao, 2023. "An origin-destination level analysis on the competitiveness of bike-sharing to underground using explainable machine learning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    12. Arias-Molinares, Daniela & Xu, Yihan & Büttner, Benjamin & Duran-Rodas, David, 2023. "Exploring key spatial determinants for mobility hub placement based on micromobility ridership," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    13. Cheng, Long & Huang, Jie & Jin, Tanhua & Chen, Wendong & Li, Aoyong & Witlox, Frank, 2023. "Comparison of station-based and free-floating bikeshare systems as feeder modes to the metro," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    14. Lixun Liu & Yujiang Wang & Robin Hickman, 2023. "How Rail Transit Makes a Difference in People’s Multimodal Travel Behaviours: An Analysis with the XGBoost Method," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-23, March.
    15. Wang, Yufei & Hua, Mingzhuang & Chen, Xuewu & Chen, Wendong, 2023. "Sustainable response strategy for COVID-19: Pandemic zoning with urban multimodal transport data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cheng, Long & Huang, Jie & Jin, Tanhua & Chen, Wendong & Li, Aoyong & Witlox, Frank, 2023. "Comparison of station-based and free-floating bikeshare systems as feeder modes to the metro," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    2. Zhan, Zilin & Guo, Yuanyuan & Noland, Robert B. & He, Sylvia Y. & Wang, Yacan, 2023. "Analysis of links between dockless bikeshare and metro trips in Beijing," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    3. Ma, Xinwei & Ji, Yanjie & Yuan, Yufei & Van Oort, Niels & Jin, Yuchuan & Hoogendoorn, Serge, 2020. "A comparison in travel patterns and determinants of user demand between docked and dockless bike-sharing systems using multi-sourced data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 148-173.
    4. Hu, Songhua & Chen, Mingyang & Jiang, Yuan & Sun, Wei & Xiong, Chenfeng, 2022. "Examining factors associated with bike-and-ride (BnR) activities around metro stations in large-scale dockless bikesharing systems," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    5. Qian, Xiaodong & Xiao, Runhua (Ivan) & Joby, Raina & Jaller, Miguel, 2024. "Optimizing bikeshare service to connect affordable housing units with transit service," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    6. Lv, Huitao & Li, Haojie & Chen, Yanlu & Feng, Tao, 2023. "An origin-destination level analysis on the competitiveness of bike-sharing to underground using explainable machine learning," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    7. Kim, Kyoungok, 2023. "Investigation of modal integration of bike-sharing and public transit in Seoul for the holders of 365-day passes," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    8. Dongdong Feng & Lin Cheng & Mingyang Du, 2020. "Exploring the Impact of Dockless Bikeshare on Docked Bikeshare—A Case Study in London," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, July.
    9. Yi Zhu, 2022. "Can bicycle sharing mitigate vehicle emission in Chinese large cities? Estimation based on mode shift analysis," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(6), pages 1627-1648, December.
    10. Radzimski, Adam & Dzięcielski, Michał, 2021. "Exploring the relationship between bike-sharing and public transport in Poznań, Poland," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 189-202.
    11. Ying Ni & Jiaqi Chen, 2020. "Exploring the Effects of the Built Environment on Two Transfer Modes for Metros: Dockless Bike Sharing and Taxis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    12. Ouassim Manout & Azise Oumar Diallo & Thibault Gloriot, 2023. "Implications of pricing and fleet size strategies on shared bikes and e-scooters: a case study from Lyon, France," Working Papers hal-04017908, HAL.
    13. Lidong Zhu & Mujahid Ali & Elżbieta Macioszek & Mahdi Aghaabbasi & Amin Jan, 2022. "Approaching Sustainable Bike-Sharing Development: A Systematic Review of the Influence of Built Environment Features on Bike-Sharing Ridership," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, May.
    14. Gan, Zuoxian & Yang, Min & Zeng, Qingcheng & Timmermans, Harry J.P., 2021. "Associations between built environment, perceived walkability/bikeability and metro transfer patterns," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 171-187.
    15. Liu, Yixiao & Tian, Zihao & Pan, Baoran & Zhang, Wenbin & Liu, Yunqi & Tian, Lixin, 2022. "A hybrid big-data-based and tolerance-based method to estimate environmental benefits of electric bike sharing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    16. Ma, Xinwei & Zhang, Shuai & Wu, Tao & Yang, Yizhe & Yu, Jiajie, 2023. "Can dockless and docked bike-sharing substitute each other? Evidence from Nanjing, China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    17. Böcker, Lars & Anderson, Ellinor & Uteng, Tanu Priya & Throndsen, Torstein, 2020. "Bike sharing use in conjunction to public transport: Exploring spatiotemporal, age and gender dimensions in Oslo, Norway," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 389-401.
    18. Zhou, Chang & Li, Xiang & Chen, Lujie, 2023. "Modelling the effects of metro and bike-sharing cooperation: Cost-sharing mode vs information-sharing mode," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    19. Xinwei Ma & Ruiming Cao & Jianbiao Wang, 2019. "Effects of Psychological Factors on Modal Shift from Car to Dockless Bike Sharing: A Case Study of Nanjing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-16, September.
    20. Yuanyuan Zhang & Yuming Zhang, 2018. "Associations between Public Transit Usage and Bikesharing Behaviors in The United States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-20, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:162:y:2022:i:c:p:175-187. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/547/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.