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Parking pricing strategies and behaviour: Evidence from the Netherlands

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  • Mingardo, Giuliano
  • Vermeulen, Susan
  • Bornioli, Anna

Abstract

Parking policy has long been considered an important tool for the management of urban mobility. One of the major policy dilemmas that urban planners face is the choice between short term versus long term parking i.e., the choice between a parking policy that stimulates short term parking [usually up to 2–3 h] and a policy that stimulates long term parking [usually between 4 and 8 h]. Pricing is the most important tool used by planners to make this choice. Yet, literature suggests that parking demand is inelastic. Accordingly, pricing only might not be enough if local authorities want to influence parking behaviour. We analyse three different parking policies commonly used in European cities – namely pricing only, pricing and time restrictions and daily tickets only – to understand the effects of these policies on a specific aspect of parking behaviour, namely the length of stay. We base our findings on the spatial analysis of 32 million mobile parking transactions made in 2018 in the Netherlands, obtained from a large parking provider. Findings indicate that time restrictions seem more effective than pricing only strategies in managing length of parking stay.

Suggested Citation

  • Mingardo, Giuliano & Vermeulen, Susan & Bornioli, Anna, 2022. "Parking pricing strategies and behaviour: Evidence from the Netherlands," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 185-197.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:157:y:2022:i:c:p:185-197
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2022.01.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shoup, Donald C., 2006. "Cruising for Parking," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt55s7079f, University of California Transportation Center.
    2. Mingardo, Giuliano & van Wee, Bert & Rye, Tom, 2015. "Urban parking policy in Europe: A conceptualization of past and possible future trends," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 268-281.
    3. Pierce, Gregory & Shoup, Donald, 2013. "Getting the Prices Right: An Evaluation of Pricing Parking by Demand in San Francisco," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt2h76j73j, University of California Transportation Center.
    4. repec:ucp:bkecon:9781884829987 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Jan K. Brueckner & Sofia F. Franco, 2017. "Parking and Urban Form," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 17(1), pages 95-127.
    6. Marsden, Greg, 2006. "The evidence base for parking policies--a review," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(6), pages 447-457, November.
    7. Shoup, Donald C., 2006. "Cruising for parking," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(6), pages 479-486, November.
    8. Gregory Pierce & Donald Shoup, 2013. "Getting the Prices Right," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(1), pages 67-81, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Xinying & Pitera, Kelly & Wang, Yuanqing, 2024. "Exploring parking choices under the coexistence of autonomous and conventional vehicles," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 636(C).
    2. Parmar, Janak & Saiyed, Gulnazbanu & Dave, Sanjaykumar, 2023. "Analysis of taste heterogeneity in commuters’ travel decisions using joint parking– and mode–choice model: A case from urban India," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).

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