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Predator–prey coevolution driven by size selective predation can cause anti-synchronized and cryptic population dynamics

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  • Mougi, Akihiko

Abstract

Population dynamics and evolutionary dynamics can occur on similar time scales, and a coupling of these two processes can lead to novel population dynamics. Recent theoretical studies of coevolving predator–prey systems have concentrated more on the stability of such systems than on the characteristics of cycles when they are unstable. Here I explore the characteristics of the cycles that arise due to coevolution in a system in which prey can increase their ability to escape from predators by becoming either significantly larger or significantly smaller in trait value (i.e., a bidirectional trait axis). This is a reasonable model of body size evolution in some systems. The results show that antiphase population cycles and cryptic cycles (large population fluctuation in one species but almost no change in another species) can occur in the coevolutionary system but not systems where only a single species evolves. Previously, those dynamical patterns have only been theoretically shown to occur in single species evolutionary models and the coevolutionary model which do not involve a bi-directional axis of adaptation. These unusual dynamics may be observed in predator–prey interactions when the density dependence in the prey species is strong.

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  • Mougi, Akihiko, 2012. "Predator–prey coevolution driven by size selective predation can cause anti-synchronized and cryptic population dynamics," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 81(2), pages 113-118.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:thpobi:v:81:y:2012:i:2:p:113-118
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2011.12.005
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    1. U. Dieckmann & R. Law, 1996. "The Dynamical Theory of Coevolution: A Derivation from Stochastic Ecological Processes," Working Papers wp96001, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
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    1. Meng, Xin-zhu & Zhao, Sheng-nan & Zhang, Wen-yan, 2015. "Adaptive dynamics analysis of a predator–prey model with selective disturbance," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 266(C), pages 946-958.
    2. Zhao, Qiuyue & Liu, Shutang & Niu, Xinglong, 2019. "Dynamic behavior analysis of a diffusive plankton model with defensive and offensive effects," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 94-102.
    3. Abernethy, Gavin M. & Mullan, Rory & Glass, David H. & McCartney, Mark, 2017. "A multiple phenotype predator–prey model with mutation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 465(C), pages 762-774.
    4. Mendes, Pedro B. & Boeger, Walter A., 2022. "Game dynamics as a driver for pathogen spillover pulses," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 473(C).

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