The ITU in transition

The International Telecommunication Union nurtured the creation of a global network anchored by national monopolies and bilateral international monopolies. The creation of domestic competition in telecommunications prompted challenges to ITU norms, especially by large users, that rejuvenated the organization. New ITU rules accommodate international competition commensurate with a conservative reading of the European Community's new policies. But these innovations may not suffice for even more extensive competition pursued by a growing number of countries. The ITU faces significant challenges in commercial policy, standards setting, the allocation of spectrum and development assistance.