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Futures of distributed small-scale renewable energy in Finland — A Delphi study of the opportunities and obstacles up to 2025

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  • Varho, Vilja
  • Rikkonen, Pasi
  • Rasi, Saija

Abstract

Distributed small-scale renewable energy (RE) production and markets expand globally. Policies play a major role in the growth. Distributed systems can help in achieving official targets, as well as offer economic opportunities for small-scale energy producers and the producers, retailers and installers of energy devices. However, small-scale energy production in households, farms or small enterprise has received relatively little attention in Finland to date. The opportunities and challenges of distributed small-scale RE sector in Finland were assessed in this study. Data was gathered using a Delphi-based method. 26 experts within the RE technology chain participated. Results were discussed and further elaborated in an expert workshop. Five scenarios representing views of the expert panel were produced for the development up to 2025: 1) Stagnation, 2) Stable slow growth, 3) Multifaceted reform, 4) Solar business prosperity, and 5) Electricity expansion at the grass root level. In no scenario was significant RE growth combined with little governmental support. Underdeveloped business concepts, insufficient information and availability of professional services, lacking profitability of small-scale energy sales, and the price of production systems were identified as key obstacles for distributed energy production in Finland. Removing barriers in domestic markets would also support exports.

Suggested Citation

  • Varho, Vilja & Rikkonen, Pasi & Rasi, Saija, 2016. "Futures of distributed small-scale renewable energy in Finland — A Delphi study of the opportunities and obstacles up to 2025," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 30-37.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:104:y:2016:i:c:p:30-37
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2015.12.001
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Guillermo Ivan Pereira & Patrícia Pereira Silva & Deborah Soule, 2018. "Policy-adaptation for a smarter and more sustainable EU electricity distribution industry: a foresight analysis," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 231-267, December.
    2. Ateekh Ur Rehman & Mustufa Haider Abidi & Usama Umer & Yusuf Siraj Usmani, 2019. "Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Selecting Wind Energy Power Plant Locations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-20, November.
    3. Rikkonen, Pasi & Tapio, Petri & Rintamäki, Heidi, 2019. "Visions for small-scale renewable energy production on Finnish farms – A Delphi study on the opportunities for new business," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 939-948.
    4. Anne-Lorene Vernay & Carine Sebi, 2020. "Energy communities and their ecosystems A comparison of France and the Netherlands," Grenoble Ecole de Management (Post-Print) hal-02987790, HAL.
    5. Vernay, Anne-Lorène & Sebi, Carine, 2020. "Energy communities and their ecosystems: A comparison of France and the Netherlands," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    6. Sebi, Carine & Vernay, Anne-Lorène, 2020. "Community renewable energy in France: The state of development and the way forward," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    7. Child, Michael & Breyer, Christian, 2016. "Vision and initial feasibility analysis of a recarbonised Finnish energy system for 2050," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 517-536.
    8. Marco Segreto & Lucas Principe & Alexandra Desormeaux & Marco Torre & Laura Tomassetti & Patrizio Tratzi & Valerio Paolini & Francesco Petracchini, 2020. "Trends in Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy Across Europe—A Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-19, December.
    9. Anne-Lorene Vernay & Carine Sebi, 2020. "Energy communities and their ecosystems A comparison of France and the Netherlands," Post-Print hal-02987790, HAL.
    10. Mohammed, Sayeed & Desha, Cheryl & Goonetilleke, Ashantha, 2023. "Investigating the potential of low-carbon pathways for hydrocarbon-dependent rentier states: Sociotechnical transition in Qatar," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).

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