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Misspecified diffusion models with high-frequency observations and an application to neural networks

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  • Ogihara, Teppei

Abstract

We study the asymptotic theory of misspecified models for diffusion processes with noisy nonsynchronous observations. Unlike with correctly specified models, the original maximum-likelihood-type estimator has an asymptotic bias under the misspecified setting and fails to achieve an optimal rate of convergence. To address this, we consider a new quasi-likelihood function that allows constructing a maximum-likelihood-type estimator that achieves the optimal rate of convergence. Study of misspecified models enables us to apply machine-learning techniques to the maximum-likelihood approach. With these techniques, we can efficiently study the microstructure of a stock market by using rich information of high-frequency data. Neural networks have particularly good compatibility with the maximum-likelihood approach, so we will consider an example of using a neural network for simulation studies and empirical analysis of high-frequency data from the Tokyo Stock Exchange. We demonstrate that the neural network outperforms polynomial models in volatility predictions for major stocks in Tokyo Stock Exchange.

Suggested Citation

  • Ogihara, Teppei, 2021. "Misspecified diffusion models with high-frequency observations and an application to neural networks," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 245-292.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:spapps:v:142:y:2021:i:c:p:245-292
    DOI: 10.1016/j.spa.2021.08.007
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    3. Jacod, Jean & Li, Yingying & Mykland, Per A. & Podolskij, Mark & Vetter, Mathias, 2009. "Microstructure noise in the continuous case: The pre-averaging approach," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 119(7), pages 2249-2276, July.
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    5. Christensen, Kim & Kinnebrock, Silja & Podolskij, Mark, 2010. "Pre-averaging estimators of the ex-post covariance matrix in noisy diffusion models with non-synchronous data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 159(1), pages 116-133, November.
    6. Ogihara, Teppei & Yoshida, Nakahiro, 2014. "Quasi-likelihood analysis for nonsynchronously observed diffusion processes," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 124(9), pages 2954-3008.
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