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Does living in slums or non-slums influence women's nutritional status? Evidence from Indian mega-cities

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  • Gaur, Kirti
  • Keshri, Kunal
  • Joe, William

Abstract

This article examines the intra-city distribution of women's nutritional status across eight Indian mega-cities with a specific focus on slum–non-slum divide. The analysis is based on the National Family Health Survey (2005–06) of India and highlights the dual burden of malnutrition among urban women. The results show that one in every two women in mega-cities is malnourished (either undernourished or overnourished), but a biased, analytical focus on citywide averages conceals the nature of the problem. Overnutrition among women is notably higher in non-slum areas whereas underweight persists as a key concern among slum dwellers. Cities located in the Central India (Nagpur and Indore) have the highest proportion of underweight women whereas the cities in South India (Chennai and Hyderabad) show a high prevalence of overweight women across both slum and non-slum areas. The intensity of income-related inequalities in underweight outcome is much greater for non-slum areas, whereas inequalities in overweight outcomes are higher among slums. Furthermore, regression analysis indicates that place of residence as such has no significant impact on women's nutritional status and that this elementary association is primarily a ramification mediated through other key socioeconomic correlates. Results suggest that, it would be rational to develop a comprehensive urban nutritional plan that focuses on dietary planning and behaviour change to address both type of malnutrition at the same time.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaur, Kirti & Keshri, Kunal & Joe, William, 2013. "Does living in slums or non-slums influence women's nutritional status? Evidence from Indian mega-cities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 137-146.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:77:y:2013:i:c:p:137-146
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.017
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    1. Efevbera, Yvette & Bhabha, Jacqueline & Farmer, Paul E. & Fink, Günther, 2017. "Girl child marriage as a risk factor for early childhood development and stunting," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 91-101.
    2. Kala Seetharam Sridhar & A.Venugopala Reddy, 2014. "Contribution of the urban poor: evidence from Chennai, India," Asia-Pacific Development Journal, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), vol. 21(2), pages 53-76, December.
    3. Laura B. Nolan, 2015. "Slum Definitions in Urban India: Implications for the Measurement of Health Inequalities," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 41(1), pages 59-84, March.
    4. Sengupta, Angan & Angeli, Federica & Syamala, Thelakkat S. & Dagnelie, Pieter C. & Schayck, C.P. van, 2015. "Overweight and obesity prevalence among Indian women by place of residence and socio-economic status: Contrasting patterns from ‘underweight states’ and ‘overweight states’ of India," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 161-169.

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