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The assessment of disability with the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale. Conceptual framework and psychometric properties

Author

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  • Kempen, G. I. J. M.
  • Miedema, I.
  • Ormel, J.
  • Molenaar, W.

Abstract

The conceptual framework, psychometric properties, descriptive statistics, and the rules for administration and scoring of the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS) for assessing disability in the area of ADL (Activities of Daily Living including mobility) as well as IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) are presented. The results show that the GARS, which can be administered both face-to-face and by mail questionnaire, is an easy to administer, comprehensive, reliable, hierarchical, and valid measure for assessing disability in older people. By integrating previously developed scales measuring different domains of disability (ADL, IADL, and mobility) and the use of a four-category response format, an accurate and detailed measure of disability can be obtained and a broader range of needs of subjects can be described. The GARS manual, including detailed procedures for administration and scoring, encourages unambiguous administration and interpretation which results in more comparable research outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Kempen, G. I. J. M. & Miedema, I. & Ormel, J. & Molenaar, W., 1996. "The assessment of disability with the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale. Conceptual framework and psychometric properties," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 43(11), pages 1601-1610, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:43:y:1996:i:11:p:1601-1610
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    Cited by:

    1. van Jaarsveld, Cornelia H.M. & Ranchor, Adelita V. & Sanderman, Robbert & Ormel, Johan & Kempen, Gertrudis I.J.M., 2005. "The role of premorbid psychological attributes in short- and long-term adjustment after cardiac disease. A prospective study in the elderly in The Netherlands," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(5), pages 1035-1045, March.
    2. Schroevers, Maya & Ranchor, Adelita V. & Sanderman, Robbert, 2006. "Adjustment to cancer in the 8 years following diagnosis: A longitudinal study comparing cancer survivors with healthy individuals," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 598-610, August.
    3. van Bilsen, P.M.A. & Hamers, J.P.H. & Groot, W. & Spreeuwenberg, C., 2008. "The use of community-based social services by elderly people at risk of institutionalization: An evaluation," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 285-295, September.
    4. Anne H van Houwelingen & Wendy P J den Elzen & Saskia le Cessie & Jeanet W Blom & Jacobijn Gussekloo, 2015. "Consequences of Interaction of Functional, Somatic, Mental and Social Problems in Community-Dwelling Older People," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-11, April.
    5. Paolo Riccardo Brustio & Anna Mulasso & Samuel D’Emanuele & Gianluca Zia & Luca Feletti & Susanna Del Signore & Alberto Rainoldi, 2022. "Indoor Mobility, Frailty, and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-11, September.
    6. Roy G. Elbers & Kirsten I. de Oude & Theodore Kastanidis & Dederieke A. M. Maes-Festen & Alyt Oppewal, 2022. "The Effect of Progressive Resistance Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Study Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-13, December.
    7. Linda P. M. Op het Veld & Anna J. H. M. Beurskens & Henrica C. W. Vet & Sander M. J. Kuijk & KlaasJan Hajema & Gertrudis I. J. M. Kempen & Erik Rossum, 2019. "The ability of four frailty screening instruments to predict mortality, hospitalization and dependency in (instrumental) activities of daily living," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 387-394, September.

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    Keywords

    disability ADL IADL mobility;

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