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The long-run effects of war on health: Evidence from World War II in France

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  • Allais, Olivier
  • Fagherazzi, Guy
  • Mink, Julia

Abstract

We investigate the effects of early-life exposure to war on adult health outcomes including cancer, hypertension, angina, infarction, diabetes and obesity. We combine data from the French prospective cohort study E3N on women employed in the French National Education with historical data on World War II. To identify causal effects, we exploit exogenous spatial and temporal variation in war exposure related to the German invasion of France during the Battle of France. The number of French military casualties at the level of the postcode area serves as main measure of exposure. Our results suggest that exposure to the war during the first 5 years of life has significant adverse effects on health in adulthood. A 10 percent increase in the number of deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in the individual's postcode area of birth increases the probability of suffering from any of the health conditions considered in this study by 0.08 percentage points. This is relative to a mean of 49 percent for the sample as a whole.

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  • Allais, Olivier & Fagherazzi, Guy & Mink, Julia, 2021. "The long-run effects of war on health: Evidence from World War II in France," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:276:y:2021:i:c:s0277953621001441
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113812
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Early-life exposure; Developmental origins; World war II; Health; Human capital development;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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