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Associations between food environment typologies and body mass index: Evidence from Yorkshire, England

Author

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  • Hobbs, M.
  • Green, M.,A.
  • Wilkins, E.
  • Lamb, K.E.
  • McKenna, J.
  • Griffiths, C.

Abstract

International research linking food outlets and body mass index (BMI) is largely cross-sectional, yielding inconsistent findings. However, addressing the exposure of food outlets is increasingly considered as an important adult obesity prevention strategy. Our study investigates associations between baseline food environment types and change in BMI over time. Survey data were used from the Yorkshire Health Study (n=8,864; wave one: 2010-2012, wave two: 2013-2015) for adults aged 18-86. BMI was calculated using self-reported height (cm) and weight (kg). Restaurants, cafés, fast-food, speciality, convenience and large supermarkets were identified from the Ordnance Survey Point of Interest database within 1600m radial buffer of home postcodes. K-means cluster analysis developed food environment typologies based on food outlets and population density. Large supermarkets, restaurants, cafés, fast-food, speciality and convenience food outlets all clustered together to some extent. Three neighbourhood typologies were identified. However, multilevel models revealed that relative to cluster one all were unrelated to change in BMI (cluster 2, b= -0.146 [-0.274, 0.566]; cluster 3, b= 0.065 [-0.224, 0.356]). There was also little evidence of gender-based differences in these associations when examined in a three-way interaction. Policymakers may need to begin to consider multiple types of food outlet clusters, while further research is needed to confirm how these relate to changed BMI.

Suggested Citation

  • Hobbs, M. & Green, M.,A. & Wilkins, E. & Lamb, K.E. & McKenna, J. & Griffiths, C., 2019. "Associations between food environment typologies and body mass index: Evidence from Yorkshire, England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:239:y:2019:i:c:s0277953619305222
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112528
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. M, Hobbs & N, Bowden & L, Marek & J, Wiki & J, Kokaua & R, Theodore & T, Ruhe & J, Boden & H, Thabrew & S, Hetrick & B, Milne, 2023. "The environment a young person grows up in is associated with their mental health: A nationwide geospatial study using the integrated data infrastructure, New Zealand," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    2. Souza Oliveira, Juliana & Cristina Egito de Menezes, Risia & Almendra, Ricardo & Israel Cabral de Lira, Pedro & Barbosa de Aquino, Nathália & Paula de Souza, Nathália & Santana, Paula, 2022. "Unhealthy food environments that promote overweight and food insecurity in a brazilian metropolitan area: A case of a syndemic?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    3. Bauer, Jan M. & Nielsen, Kristian S. & Hofmann, Wilhelm & Reisch, Lucia A., 2022. "Healthy eating in the wild: An experience-sampling study of how food environments and situational factors shape out-of-home dietary success," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    4. Dolton, Peter J. & Tafesse, Wiktoria, 2022. "Childhood obesity, is fast food exposure a factor?," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).

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