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Productive aging in India

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  • Visaria, Abhijit
  • Dommaraju, Premchand

Abstract

With its sociocultural, institutional, and demographic contexts, India offers a unique opportunity to study the dynamics and experiences of aging, especially as it is poised to have a large increase in the number of persons aged 60 and above in the next half a century. In this paper, we focus on the concept of productive aging that emphasizes the active participation of older persons in society. We examine the correlates of productive aging in India, drawing on data from the Building Knowledge Base on Population Aging (BKPAI) survey of 9852 men and women aged 60 years and above in seven states of India in 2011. The productive activities that we examine pertain to four domains: work, contribution to household financial matters, grandparenting, and social engagement. The findings highlight the importance of gender, family structure, and socio-economic status in these different aspects of productive aging. Importantly, the findings show that the effect of the correlates is not the same across the different measures of productive aging. We find that women are less likely than men to engage in all productive activities except for grandparenting, and that living with children and adverse health reduce the likelihood of current employment or financial contributions, but not of social engagement or grandparenting. Greater wealth at older ages reduces the likelihood of employment but increases the likelihood of social engagement and ties. The study contributes to the understanding of opportunities and constraints of productive aging in India and has implications for intergenerational relationships, support and dependencies in old age.

Suggested Citation

  • Visaria, Abhijit & Dommaraju, Premchand, 2019. "Productive aging in India," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 14-21.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:229:y:2019:i:c:p:14-21
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.07.029
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tannistha Samanta & Feinian Chen & Reeve Vanneman, 2015. "Living Arrangements and Health of Older Adults in India," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 70(6), pages 937-947.
    2. A Bheemeshwar Reddy, 2016. "Labour force participation of elderly in India: patterns and determinants," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 43(5), pages 502-516, May.
    3. Akanksha Srivastava & Sanjay Mohanty, 2012. "Poverty Among Elderly in India," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 109(3), pages 493-514, December.
    4. Ministry of Statistics and Prog Implementation (MOSPI), 2016. "Elderly in India," Working Papers id:10596, eSocialSciences.
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    1. Michal Isaacson & Ashwin Tripathi & Tannistha Samanta & Lisa D’Ambrosio & Joseph Coughlin, 2020. "Giving Voice to the Environment as the Silent Partner in Aging: Examining the Moderating Roles of Gender and Family Structure in Older Adult Wellbeing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-19, June.
    2. U. R. Arya, 2024. "Unpaid labour of older persons and their subjective well-being: a study based on Kerala, India," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 26(3), pages 840-861, December.

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