IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/soceps/v89y2023ics0038012123001684.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The measurement of profit, profitability, cost and revenue efficiency through data envelopment analysis: A comparison of models using BenchmarkingEconomicEfficiency.jl

Author

Listed:
  • Barbero, Javier
  • Zofío, José L.

Abstract

We undertake a systematic comparison of existing models measuring and decomposing the economic efficiency of organizations. For this purpose we introduce the package BenchmarkingEconomicEfficiency.jl for the open-source Julia language including a set of functions to be used by scholars and professionals working in the fields of economics, management science, engineering, and operations research. Using mathematical programming methods known as Data Envelopment Analysis, the software develops code to decompose economic efficiency considering alternative definitions: profit, profitability, cost and revenue. Economic efficiency can be decomposed, multiplicative or additively, into a technical (productive) efficiency term and a residual term representing allocative (or price) efficiency. We include traditional decompositions like the radial efficiency measures associated with the input (cost) and output (revenue) approaches, as well as new ones corresponding to the Russell measures, the directional distance function, DDF (including novel extensions like the reverse DDF, modified DDF, or generalizations based on Hölder norms), the generalized distance function, and additive measures like the slack based measure, their weighted variants, etc. Moreover, regardless the underlying economic efficiency model, many of these technical inefficiency measures are available for calculation in a computer software for the first time. This article details the theoretical methods and the empirical implementation of the functions, comparing the obtained results using a common dataset on Taiwanese Banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbero, Javier & Zofío, José L., 2023. "The measurement of profit, profitability, cost and revenue efficiency through data envelopment analysis: A comparison of models using BenchmarkingEconomicEfficiency.jl," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:soceps:v:89:y:2023:i:c:s0038012123001684
    DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2023.101656
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038012123001684
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101656?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Balk, Bert M., 2018. "Profit-oriented productivity change: A comment," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 176-178.
    2. Cinzia Daraio & Kristiaan H.J. Kerstens & Thyago Celso Cavalcante Nepomuceno & Robin Sickles, 2019. "Productivity And Efficiency Analysis Software: An Exploratory Bibliographical Survey Of The Options," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(1), pages 85-100, February.
    3. Aparicio, Juan & Ortiz, Lidia & Pastor, Jesus T., 2017. "Measuring and decomposing profit inefficiency through the Slacks-Based Measure," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(2), pages 650-654.
    4. Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, Jesus T. & Ray, Subhash C., 2013. "An overall measure of technical inefficiency at the firm and at the industry level: The ‘lost profit on outlay’," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 226(1), pages 154-162.
    5. Aparicio, Juan & Zofío, José L., 2023. "Decomposing profit change: Konüs, Bennet and Luenberger indicators," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PB).
    6. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Rhodes, E., 1978. "Measuring the efficiency of decision making units," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 2(6), pages 429-444, November.
    7. William Cooper & Jesús Pastor & Fernando Borras & Juan Aparicio & Diego Pastor, 2011. "BAM: a bounded adjusted measure of efficiency for use with bounded additive models," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 85-94, April.
    8. Zhiyang Shen & Jingyun Li & Michael Vardanyan & Bo Wang, 2022. "Nonparametric shadow pricing of non-performing loans: a study of the Chinese banking sector," Post-Print hal-03974915, HAL.
    9. Jean-Paul Chavas & Thomas L. Cox, 1999. "A Generalized Distance Function and the Analysis of Production Efficiency," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 66(2), pages 294-318, October.
    10. William Cooper & Kyung Park & Jesus Pastor, 1999. "RAM: A Range Adjusted Measure of Inefficiency for Use with Additive Models, and Relations to Other Models and Measures in DEA," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 5-42, February.
    11. Cooper, W.W. & Pastor, Jesus T. & Aparicio, Juan & Borras, Fernando, 2011. "Decomposing profit inefficiency in DEA through the weighted additive model," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 212(2), pages 411-416, July.
    12. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Golany, B. & Seiford, L. & Stutz, J., 1985. "Foundations of data envelopment analysis for Pareto-Koopmans efficient empirical production functions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1-2), pages 91-107.
    13. Jean‐Paul Chavas & Thomas L. Cox, 1999. "A Generalized Distance Function and the Analysis of Production Efficiency," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 66(2), pages 294-318, October.
    14. Briec, W. & Lemaire, B., 1999. "Technical efficiency and distance to a reverse convex set," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 178-187, April.
    15. Sealey, Calvin W, Jr & Lindley, James T, 1977. "Inputs, Outputs, and a Theory of Production and Cost at Depository Financial Institutions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 32(4), pages 1251-1266, September.
    16. Juan Aparicio & José L. Zofío & Jesús T. Pastor, 2023. "Decomposing Economic Efficiency into Technical and Allocative Components: An Essential Property," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 197(1), pages 98-129, April.
    17. Pastor, Jesus T. & Zofío, José Luis & Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, D., 2023. "A general direct approach for decomposing profit inefficiency," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    18. Choonjoo Lee, 2012. "Allocative Efficiency Analysis using DEA in Stata," SAN12 Stata Conference 1, Stata Users Group.
    19. Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, Jesus T. & Vidal, Fernando, 2016. "The weighted additive distance function," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 254(1), pages 338-346.
    20. Fare, Rolf & Knox Lovell, C. A., 1978. "Measuring the technical efficiency of production," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 150-162, October.
    21. W. Briec & J. B. Lesourd, 1999. "Metric Distance Function and Profit: Some Duality Results," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 101(1), pages 15-33, April.
    22. Wilson, Paul W., 2008. "FEAR: A software package for frontier efficiency analysis with R," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 42(4), pages 247-254, December.
    23. Rafael Benítez & Vicente Coll-Serrano & Vicente J. Bolós, 2021. "deaR-Shiny: An Interactive Web App for Data Envelopment Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    24. Pastor, J. T. & Ruiz, J. L. & Sirvent, I., 1999. "An enhanced DEA Russell graph efficiency measure," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 115(3), pages 596-607, June.
    25. R. G. Chambers & Y. Chung & R. Färe, 1998. "Profit, Directional Distance Functions, and Nerlovian Efficiency," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 98(2), pages 351-364, August.
    26. José Zofío & Angel Prieto, 2006. "Return to Dollar, Generalized Distance Function and the Fisher Productivity Index," Spanish Economic Review, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 8(2), pages 113-138, June.
    27. Balk, Bert M. & Zofío, José L., 2020. "Symmetric decompositions of cost variation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(3), pages 1189-1198.
    28. R. D. Banker & A. Charnes & W. W. Cooper, 1984. "Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(9), pages 1078-1092, September.
    29. Chambers, Robert G. & Chung, Yangho & Fare, Rolf, 1996. "Benefit and Distance Functions," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 70(2), pages 407-419, August.
    30. Peter Bogetoft & Lars Otto, 2011. "Benchmarking with DEA, SFA, and R," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-1-4419-7961-2, December.
    31. Tone, Kaoru, 2001. "A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 130(3), pages 498-509, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pastor, Jesus T. & Zofío, José Luis & Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, D., 2023. "A general direct approach for decomposing profit inefficiency," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    2. Juan Aparicio & José L. Zofío & Jesús T. Pastor, 2023. "Decomposing Economic Efficiency into Technical and Allocative Components: An Essential Property," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 197(1), pages 98-129, April.
    3. Halická, Margaréta & Trnovská, Mária & Černý, Aleš, 2024. "A unified approach to radial, hyperbolic, and directional efficiency measurement in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 312(1), pages 298-314.
    4. Aparicio, Juan & Monge, Juan F. & Ramón, Nuria, 2021. "A new measure of technical efficiency in data envelopment analysis based on the maximization of hypervolumes: Benchmarking, properties and computational aspects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 293(1), pages 263-275.
    5. Halická, Margaréta & Trnovská, Mária, 2021. "A unified approach to non-radial graph models in data envelopment analysis: common features, geometry, and duality," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 289(2), pages 611-627.
    6. Camanho, Ana Santos & Silva, Maria Conceicao & Piran, Fabio Sartori & Lacerda, Daniel Pacheco, 2024. "A literature review of economic efficiency assessments using Data Envelopment Analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 315(1), pages 1-18.
    7. Rafael Benítez & Vicente Coll-Serrano & Vicente J. Bolós, 2021. "deaR-Shiny: An Interactive Web App for Data Envelopment Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    8. Fukuyama, Hirofumi & Weber, William L., 2009. "A directional slacks-based measure of technical inefficiency," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 43(4), pages 274-287, December.
    9. Jesus Pastor & C. Lovell & Juan Aparicio, 2012. "Families of linear efficiency programs based on Debreu’s loss function," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 38(2), pages 109-120, October.
    10. Aparicio, Juan & Kapelko, Magdalena, 2019. "Accounting for slacks to measure dynamic inefficiency in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 278(2), pages 463-471.
    11. Alcaraz, Javier & Anton-Sanchez, Laura & Aparicio, Juan & Monge, Juan F. & Ramón, Nuria, 2021. "Russell Graph efficiency measures in Data Envelopment Analysis: The multiplicative approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 292(2), pages 663-674.
    12. Kao, Chiang, 2022. "Closest targets in the slacks-based measure of efficiency for production units with multi-period data," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(3), pages 1042-1054.
    13. Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, Jesus T. & Ray, Subhash C., 2013. "An overall measure of technical inefficiency at the firm and at the industry level: The ‘lost profit on outlay’," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 226(1), pages 154-162.
    14. Aparicio, Juan & Ortiz, Lidia & Pastor, Jesus T., 2017. "Measuring and decomposing profit inefficiency through the Slacks-Based Measure," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(2), pages 650-654.
    15. Akther, Syed & Fukuyama, Hirofumi & Weber, William L., 2013. "Estimating two-stage network Slacks-based inefficiency: An application to Bangladesh banking," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 88-96.
    16. Juan Aparicio & Jesus T. Pastor & Jose L. Sainz-Pardo & Fernando Vidal, 2020. "Estimating and decomposing overall inefficiency by determining the least distance to the strongly efficient frontier in data envelopment analysis," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 747-770, June.
    17. Aparicio, Juan & Pastor, Jesus T., 2014. "Closest targets and strong monotonicity on the strongly efficient frontier in DEA," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 51-57.
    18. Juan Aparicio & Fernando Borras & Lidia Ortiz & Jesus T. Pastor & Fernando Vidal, 2019. "Luenberger-type indicators based on the weighted additive distance function," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 278(1), pages 195-213, July.
    19. Aparicio, Juan & Monge, Juan F., 2022. "The generalized range adjusted measure in data envelopment analysis: Properties, computational aspects and duality," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(2), pages 621-632.
    20. Kao, Chiang, 2024. "Maximum slacks-based measure of efficiency in network data envelopment analysis: A case of garment manufacturing," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:soceps:v:89:y:2023:i:c:s0038012123001684. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/seps .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.