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A review of rice parboiling systems, energy supply, and consumption

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  • Kwofie, E.M.
  • Ngadi, M.

Abstract

Parboiling is an energy and labour intensive pre-milling process aimed at improving the quality of paddy rice. Several parboiling processes along with different energy supply systems have been developed and reported to improve the overall grain quality, processing time and energy consumption. This paper reviews the parboiling process – concept, systems, energy supply and consumption, as well as the impact of energy use on product quality. Rice husk is most widely used energy source for parboiling and has been used primarily in direct combustion systems, as briquettes or through gasification systems. Parboiling energy consumption varies widely depending on the process conditions, parboiling system, processing capacity and the energy source.

Suggested Citation

  • Kwofie, E.M. & Ngadi, M., 2017. "A review of rice parboiling systems, energy supply, and consumption," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 465-472.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:72:y:2017:i:c:p:465-472
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.014
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kapur, Tarun & Kandpal, T.C. & Garg, H.P., 1996. "Energy demand and supply options for primary processing of rice in India," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 946-949.
    2. Kwofie, E.M. & Ngadi, M., 2016. "Sustainable energy supply for local rice parboiling in West Africa: The potential of rice husk," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1409-1418.
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    5. Yoon, Sang Jun & Son, Yung-Il & Kim, Yong-Ku & Lee, Jae-Goo, 2012. "Gasification and power generation characteristics of rice husk and rice husk pellet using a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 163-167.
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    Cited by:

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