IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v173y2023ics1364032122009741.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Numerical study of hydrogen leakage, diffusion, and combustion in an outdoor parking space under different parking configurations

Author

Listed:
  • Lv, Hong
  • Shen, Yahao
  • Zheng, Tao
  • Zhou, Wei
  • Ming, Pingwen
  • Zhang, Cunman

Abstract

As the number of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) being used is increasing, confirming that their safety level is the same as that of gasoline vehicles is becoming important. HFCVs are commonly parked in outdoor spaces. Thus, the safety of HFCVs in garage scenarios should be ensured and related regulations, codes, and standards for preventing accidents must be developed. In this study, the Flame Acceleration Simulator (FLACS) software was utilized to evaluate the behavior of hydrogen release, dispersion, and flame propagation in the presence of multiple HFCVs in an outdoor parking space through the activation of thermally activated pressure relief devices (TPRDs). The effects of different leak diameters (2, 3, and 4 mm), release directions (upward and downward), and parking configurations (vertical and parallel) on the formation of a flammable gas cloud (FGC) and safety distances were examined, by considering tank blowdown. The results showed that larger TPRD diameters resulted in a larger envelope of the FGC; however, it also dissipated faster in outdoor parking spaces. Compared with the vertical parking configuration, the fire-origin HFCV had less impact on adjacent vehicles in the parallel parking configuration. The direction of an upward release was found to contribute to a decrease in the volume of the FGC in outdoor parking spaces owing to low congestion. This study highlights the significance of the TPRD diameters and parking configurations, providing guidance for the safe introduction of HFCVs in existing outdoor parking spaces and infrastructure.

Suggested Citation

  • Lv, Hong & Shen, Yahao & Zheng, Tao & Zhou, Wei & Ming, Pingwen & Zhang, Cunman, 2023. "Numerical study of hydrogen leakage, diffusion, and combustion in an outdoor parking space under different parking configurations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:173:y:2023:i:c:s1364032122009741
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.113093
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032122009741
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2022.113093?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shen, Yahao & Lv, Hong & Zheng, Tao & Liu, Yi & Zhou, Wei & Zhang, Cunman, 2023. "Temporal and spatial evolution of hydrogen leakage and diffusion from tube fittings on fuel cell vehicles under the effect of ambient wind," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    2. Nektarios Koutsourakis & Ilias C. Tolias & Stella G. Giannissi & Alexandros G. Venetsanos, 2023. "Numerical Investigation of Hydrogen Jet Dispersion Below and Around a Car in a Tunnel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-30, September.
    3. Li, Jianwei & Liu, Jie & Wang, Tianci & Zou, Weitao & Yang, Qingqing & Shen, Jun, 2024. "Analysis of the evolution characteristics of hydrogen leakage and diffusion in a temperature stratified environment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    4. Xingmao Wang & Fengyan Yi & Qingqing Su & Jiaming Zhou & Yan Sun & Wei Guo & Xing Shu, 2023. "Influence of Longitudinal Wind on Hydrogen Leakage and Hydrogen Concentration Sensor Layout of Fuel Cell Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-18, July.
    5. Lyu, Shan & Huang, Xiaomei & Peng, Shini & Sun, Mengxiao & Qi, Qi & Aimaieraili, Dulikunjiang, 2024. "A novel method for analyzing the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen: First arrival time distribution," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:173:y:2023:i:c:s1364032122009741. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.