IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v11y2007i7p1438-1459.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A review and assessment of the energy utilization efficiency in the Turkish industrial sector using energy and exergy analysis method

Author

Listed:
  • Utlu, Zafer
  • Hepbasli, Arif

Abstract

Exergy has been seen a key component for a sustainable society, and in the recent years exergy analysis has been widely used in the design, simulation and performance evaluation of thermal and thermo chemical systems. A particular thermo dynamical system is the society of a country, while the energy utilization of a country can be assessed using exergy analysis to gain insights into its efficiency and potential for improvements. Energy and exergy utilization efficiencies in the Turkish industrial sector (TIS) over the period from 1990 to 2003 are reviewed and evaluated in this study. Energy and exergy analyses are performed for eight industrial modes, namely iron-steel, chemical-petrochemical, petrochemical-feedstock, cement, fertilizer, sugar, non-metal industry, other industry, while in the analysis the actual data are used. Sectoral energy and exergy analyses are conducted to study the variations of energy and exergy efficiencies for each subsector throughout the years studied, and these heating and overall energy and exergy efficiencies are compared for the eight subsectors. The chemical and petrochemical subsector, and the iron and steel subsector appear to be the most energy and exergy efficient sectors, respectively. The energy utilization efficiencies for the Turkish overall industrial sector range from 63.45% to 70.11%, while the exergy utilization efficiencies vary from 29.72% to 33.23% in the analyzed years. Exergetic improvement potential for this sector is also determined to be 681 PJ in 2003, with an average increase rate of 9.5% annually for the analyzed years. It may be concluded that the methodology used in this study is practical and useful for analyzing sectoral and subsectoral energy and exergy utilization to determine how efficient energy and exergy are used in the sector studied. It is also expected that this study will be helpful in developing highly applicable and productive planning for energy policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2007. "A review and assessment of the energy utilization efficiency in the Turkish industrial sector using energy and exergy analysis method," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(7), pages 1438-1459, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:11:y:2007:i:7:p:1438-1459
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364-0321(05)00129-2
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wall, Goran, 1987. "Exergy conversion in the Swedish society," Resources and Energy, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 55-73, June.
    2. Brown, Sam, 1996. "Single-site and industrial-scale schemes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(1-2), pages 149-155.
    3. Dincer, I. & Hussain, M. M. & Al-Zaharnah, I., 2004. "Energy and exergy use in public and private sector of Saudi Arabia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(14), pages 1615-1624, September.
    4. Rosen, M.A., 1992. "Evaluation of energy utilization efficiency in Canada using energy and exergy analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 339-350.
    5. Dincer, Ibrahim, 2002. "The role of exergy in energy policy making," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 137-149, January.
    6. Wall, Göran & Sciubba, Enrico & Naso, Vincenzo, 1994. "Exergy use in the Italian society," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 19(12), pages 1267-1274.
    7. Özdoĝan, Si̇bel & Arikol, Mahi̇r, 1995. "Energy and exergy analyses of selected Turkish industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 73-80.
    8. Ayres, Robert U & Ayres, Leslie W & Warr, Benjamin, 2003. "Exergy, power and work in the US economy, 1900–1998," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 219-273.
    9. Ílerı́, Arı́f & Gürer, Türker, 1998. "Energy and exergy utilization in Turkey during 1995," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 23(12), pages 1099-1106.
    10. Wall, Göran, 1988. "Exergy flows in industrial processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 197-208.
    11. Schaeffer, Roberto & Wirtshafter, Robert M., 1992. "An exergy analysis of the Brazilian economy: From energy production to final energy use," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 17(9), pages 841-855.
    12. Nakićenović, Nebojsa & Gilli, Paul Viktor & Kurz, Rainer, 1996. "Regional and global exergy and energy efficiencies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 223-237.
    13. Hepbasli, Arif & Utlu, Zafer, 2004. "Evaluating the energy utilization efficiency of Turkey's renewable energy sources during 2001," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 237-255, June.
    14. Wall, Göran, 1990. "Exergy conversion in the Japanese society," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 435-444.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bablu K. Ghosh & Saad Mekhilef & Shameem Ahmad & Swapan K. Ghosh, 2022. "A Review on Global Emissions by E-Products Based Waste: Technical Management for Reduced Effects and Achieving Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Zafer Utlu, 0. "Thermophotovoltaic applications in waste heat recovery systems: example of GaSb cell," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 15(2), pages 277-286.
    3. Ohijeagbon, Idehai O. & Waheed, M. Adekojo & Jekayinfa, Simeon O., 2013. "Methodology for the physical and chemical exergetic analysis of steam boilers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 153-164.
    4. Na, Hongming & Sun, Jingchao & Qiu, Ziyang & He, Jianfei & Yuan, Yuxing & Yan, Tianyi & Du, Tao, 2021. "A novel evaluation method for energy efficiency of process industry — A case study of typical iron and steel manufacturing process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    5. Raúl Arango-Miranda & Robert Hausler & Rabindranarth Romero-López & Mathias Glaus & Sara Patricia Ibarra-Zavaleta, 2018. "An Overview of Energy and Exergy Analysis to the Industrial Sector, a Contribution to Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-19, January.
    6. Saidur, R. & Ahamed, J.U. & Masjuki, H.H., 2010. "Energy, exergy and economic analysis of industrial boilers," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 2188-2197, May.
    7. Utlu, Zafer & Kincay, Olcay, 2013. "An assessment of a pulp and paper mill through energy and exergy analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 565-573.
    8. Raúl Arango-Miranda & Robert Hausler & Rabindranarth Romero-Lopez & Mathias Glaus & Sara P. Ibarra-Zavaleta, 2018. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Comparative Empirical Study of Selected Developed and Developing Countries. “The Role of Exergy”," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, October.
    9. Xu, Tengfang & Karali, Nihan & Sathaye, Jayant, 2014. "Undertaking high impact strategies: The role of national efficiency measures in long-term energy and emission reduction in steel making," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 179-188.
    10. Azarpour, Abbas & Mohamadi-Baghmolaei, Mohamad & Hajizadeh, Abdollah & Zendehboudi, Sohrab, 2022. "Systematic energy and exergy assessment of a hydropurification process: Theoretical and practical insights," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    11. Jaber, J.O. & Al-Ghandoor, A. & Sawalha, S.A., 2008. "Energy analysis and exergy utilization in the transportation sector of Jordan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 2985-2990, August.
    12. Gasparatos, Alexandros & El-Haram, Mohamed & Horner, Malcolm, 2009. "Assessing the sustainability of the UK society using thermodynamic concepts: Part 2," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(5), pages 956-970, June.
    13. Chen, Bin & Ye, Xiao & Shen, Jun & Wang, Sha & Deng, Shengxiang & Yang, Jinbiao, 2021. "Investigations on the energy efficiency limits for industrial boiler operation and technical requirements—taking China’s Hunan province as an example," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    14. Lianbo Mu & Suilin Wang & Guichang Liu & Junhui Lu & Yuncheng Lan & Liqiu Zhao & Jincheng Liu, 2023. "On-Site Experimental Study on Low-Temperature Deep Waste Heat Recovery of Actual Flue Gas from the Reformer of Hydrogen Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.
    15. Caglayan, Hasan & Caliskan, Hakan, 2021. "Advanced exergy analyses and optimization of a cogeneration system for ceramic industry by considering endogenous, exogenous, avoidable and unavoidable exergies under different environmental condition," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    16. Niksiar, Arezou & Rahimi, Amir, 2009. "Energy and exergy analysis for cocurrent gas spray cooling systems based on the results of mathematical modeling and simulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 14-21.
    17. Raul Arango Miranda & Robert Hausler & Rabindranarth Romero Lopez & Mathias Glaus & Jose Ramon Pasillas-Diaz, 2020. "Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in North America’s Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-13, June.
    18. BoroumandJazi, G. & Rismanchi, B. & Saidur, R., 2013. "A review on exergy analysis of industrial sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 198-203.
    19. Utlu, Zafer, 2015. "Investigation of the potential for heat recovery at low, medium, and high stages in the Turkish industrial sector (TIS): An application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 394-405.
    20. Hajjaji, Noureddine & Baccar, Ines & Pons, Marie-Noëlle, 2014. "Energy and exergy analysis as tools for optimization of hydrogen production by glycerol autothermal reforming," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 368-380.
    21. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2009. "Exergoeconomic aspects of sectoral energy utilization for Turkish industrial sector and their impact on energy policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 577-587, February.
    22. Al-Ghandoor, A. & Phelan, P.E. & Villalobos, R. & Jaber, J.O., 2010. "Energy and exergy utilizations of the U.S. manufacturing sector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 3048-3065.
    23. Hoang, Viet-Ngu & Rao, D.S. Prasada, 2010. "Measuring and decomposing sustainable efficiency in agricultural production: A cumulative exergy balance approach," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(9), pages 1765-1776, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2007. "A review on analyzing and evaluating the energy utilization efficiency of countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(1), pages 1-29, January.
    2. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2008. "Energetic and exergetic assessment of the industrial sector at varying dead (reference) state temperatures: A review with an illustrative example," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(5), pages 1277-1301, June.
    3. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2007. "Parametrical investigation of the effect of dead (reference) state on energy and exergy utilization efficiencies of residential-commercial sectors: A review and an application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 603-634, May.
    4. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2006. "Estimating the energy and exergy utilization efficiencies for the residential-commercial sector: an application," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 1097-1105, July.
    5. Hepbasli, Arif & Utlu, Zafer, 2004. "Evaluating the energy utilization efficiency of Turkey's renewable energy sources during 2001," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 237-255, June.
    6. Utlu, Zafer & Hepbasli, Arif, 2007. "Assessment of the Turkish utility sector through energy and exergy analyses," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 5012-5020, October.
    7. Seckin, C. & Sciubba, E. & Bayulken, A.R., 2012. "An application of the extended exergy accounting method to the Turkish society, year 2006," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 151-163.
    8. Saidur, R. & Sattar, M.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Abdessalam, H. & Shahruan, B.S., 2007. "Energy and exergy analysis at the utility and commercial sectors of Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1956-1966, March.
    9. Sousa, Tânia & Brockway, Paul E. & Cullen, Jonathan M. & Henriques, Sofia Teives & Miller, Jack & Serrenho, André Cabrera & Domingos, Tiago, 2017. "The Need for Robust, Consistent Methods in Societal Exergy Accounting," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 11-21.
    10. Koroneos, Christopher J. & Nanaki, Evanthia A. & Xydis, George A., 2011. "Exergy analysis of the energy use in Greece," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 2475-2481, May.
    11. Liao, Wenjie & Heijungs, Reinout & Huppes, Gjalt, 2012. "Thermodynamic analysis of human–environment systems: A review focused on industrial ecology," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 76-88.
    12. Chen, B. & Chen, G.Q., 2006. "Exergy analysis for resource conversion of the Chinese Society 1993 under the material product system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(8), pages 1115-1150.
    13. Chen, B. & Chen, G.Q., 2007. "Modified ecological footprint accounting and analysis based on embodied exergy--a case study of the Chinese society 1981-2001," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2-3), pages 355-376, March.
    14. Dai, Jing & Fath, Brian & Chen, Bin, 2012. "Constructing a network of the social-economic consumption system of China using extended exergy analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 4796-4808.
    15. Chen, G.Q. & Qi, Z.H., 2007. "Systems account of societal exergy utilization: China 2003," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 102-118.
    16. Ertesvåg, Ivar S & Mielnik, Michal, 2000. "Exergy analysis of the Norwegian society," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 25(10), pages 957-973.
    17. Chen, G.Q. & Jiang, M.M. & Yang, Z.F. & Chen, B. & Ji, Xi & Zhou, J.B., 2009. "Exergetic assessment for ecological economic system: Chinese agriculture," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(3), pages 397-410.
    18. Qi, Hai & Dong, Zhiliang & Dong, Shaohui & Sun, Xiaotian & Zhao, Yiran & Li, Yu, 2021. "Extended exergy accounting for smelting and pressing of metals industry in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    19. Chen, G.Q. & Ji, Xi, 2007. "Chemical exergy based evaluation of water quality," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 200(1), pages 259-268.
    20. Saidur, R. & Masjuki, H.H. & Jamaluddin, M.Y., 2007. "An application of energy and exergy analysis in residential sector of Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 1050-1063, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:11:y:2007:i:7:p:1438-1459. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.