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Biomass for residential and commercial heating in a remote Canadian aboriginal community

Author

Listed:
  • Stephen, James D.
  • Mabee, Warren E.
  • Pribowo, Amadeus
  • Pledger, Sean
  • Hart, Randy
  • Tallio, Sheldon
  • Bull, Gary Q.

Abstract

Most residents of Canada's 300 remote communities do not have access to natural gas and must rely upon higher cost and/or less convenient heat sources such as electric heat, heating (furnace) oil, propane, and/or cord wood. This research sought to determine the techno-economic feasibility of increasing biomass utilization for space and hot water heating in remote, off-grid communities in Canada and abroad using a two-option case study approach: 1) a district energy system (DES) connected to a centralized heat generation energy centre fuelled by wood chips; and 2) a decentralized heating option with wood pellet boilers in each individual residence and commercial building. The Nuxalk First Nation Bella Coola community was selected as a case study, with GIS, ground surveys, and climate data used to design DES routes and determine heat demand. It was determined that biomass has the potential to reduce heat costs, reduce the cost of electricity subsidization for electrical utilities, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and increase energy independence of remote communities. Although results of the analysis are site-specific, the research methodology and general findings on heat-source economic competitiveness could be utilized to support increased bioheat production in remote, off-grid communities for improved socio-economic and environmental outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen, James D. & Mabee, Warren E. & Pribowo, Amadeus & Pledger, Sean & Hart, Randy & Tallio, Sheldon & Bull, Gary Q., 2016. "Biomass for residential and commercial heating in a remote Canadian aboriginal community," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 563-575.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:86:y:2016:i:c:p:563-575
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.048
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen, James D. & Mabee, Warren E. & Saddler, Jack N., 2013. "Lignocellulosic ethanol production from woody biomass: The impact of facility siting on competitiveness," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 329-340.
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    Cited by:

    1. Blair, M. Jean & Mabee, Warren E., 2020. "Evaluation of technology, economics and emissions impacts of community-scale bioenergy systems for a forest-based community in Ontario," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 715-730.
    2. Coady, Joe & Duquette, Jean, 2021. "Quantifying the impacts of biomass driven combined heat and power grids in northern rural and remote communities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    3. Ma, Chenshuo & Zhang, Yifei & Ma, Keni & Li, Chanyun, 2023. "Study on the relationship between service scale and investment cost of energy service stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    4. Lochhead, Kyle & Ghafghazi, Saeed & Havlik, Petr & Forsell, Nicklas & Obersteiner, Michael & Bull, Gary & Mabee, Warren, 2016. "Price trends and volatility scenarios for designing forest sector transformation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 184-191.
    5. Nicolas Mansuy & Julie Barrette & Jérôme Laganière & Warren Mabee & David Paré & Shuva Gautam & Evelyne Thiffault & Saeed Ghafghazi, 2018. "Salvage harvesting for bioenergy in Canada: From sustainable and integrated supply chain to climate change mitigation," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(5), September.
    6. Wang, Dongji & Liu, Liansheng & Liu, Chunyu & Xie, Jun & Yuan, Ye & Yang, Hua & Duan, Runze, 2021. "A novel supply chain of straw briquette fuel and the optimal way to acquire fixed assets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    7. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Jantzen, Jan & Marczinkowski, Hannah Mareike & Kristensen, Michael, 2019. "Business and socioeconomic assessment of introducing heat pumps with heat storage in small-scale district heating systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 904-914.
    8. Kang, Kang & Klinghoffer, Naomi B. & ElGhamrawy, Islam & Berruti, Franco, 2021. "Thermochemical conversion of agroforestry biomass and solid waste using decentralized and mobile systems for renewable energy and products," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    9. Zapata, Oscar, 2022. "Renewable Energy and Community Development," OSF Preprints tk59y, Center for Open Science.
    10. Jann Michael Weinand & Maximilian Hoffmann & Jan Gopfert & Tom Terlouw & Julian Schonau & Patrick Kuckertz & Russell McKenna & Leander Kotzur & Jochen Lin{ss}en & Detlef Stolten, 2022. "Global LCOEs of decentralized off-grid renewable energy systems," Papers 2212.12742, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2023.
    11. Weinand, Jann Michael & Scheller, Fabian & McKenna, Russell, 2020. "Reviewing energy system modelling of decentralized energy autonomy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    12. Zapata, Oscar, 2024. "Renewable energy and well-being in remote Indigenous communities of Canada: A panel analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    13. Shizhong Song & Pei Liu & Jing Xu & Linwei Ma & Chinhao Chong & Min He & Xianzheng Huang & Zheng Li & Weidou Ni, 2016. "An Economic and Policy Analysis of a District Heating System Using Corn Straw Densified Fuel: A Case Study in Nong’an County in Jilin Province, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, December.
    14. Min He & Pei Liu & Linwei Ma & Chinhao Chong & Xu Li & Shizhong Song & Zheng Li & Weidou Ni, 2018. "A Systems Analysis of the Development Status and Trends of Rural Household Energy in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-23, July.
    15. Liu, Liansheng & Wang, Dongji & Gao, Liwei & Duan, Runze, 2020. "Distributed heating/centralized monitoring mode of biomass briquette fuel in Chinese northern rural areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1221-1230.
    16. Vikas Menghwani & Rory Wheat & Bobbie Balicki & Greg Poelzer & Bram Noble & Nicolas Mansuy, 2023. "Bioenergy for Community Energy Security in Canada: Challenges in the Business Ecosystem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-15, February.
    17. Chen, Yuzhu & Hua, Huilian & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2021. "Integrated performance analysis of a space heating system assisted by photovoltaic/thermal collectors and ground source heat pump for hotel and office building types," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 925-934.

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