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Transesterification of palm oil using KF and NaNO3 catalysts supported on spherical millimetric γ-Al2O3

Author

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  • Islam, Aminul
  • Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hui
  • Chu, Chi-Ming
  • Ravindra, Pogaku
  • Chan, Eng-Seng

Abstract

The use of spherical millimetric gamma-alumina (γ-Al2O3) as a catalyst support for the production of biodiesel from palm oil is demonstrated. The catalyst support was produced using a dripping method, and KF and NaNO3 catalysts were loaded on the support using the impregnation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the formation of Na2O and NaAlO2 phases on the NaNO3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst and the formation of K2O and KAlF4 on the KF/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, which were possibly the active sites for the transesterification reaction. The highest number and strength of basic sites generated from the solid phase reaction of the KF/γ-Al2O3 catalyst loaded with 0.24 g kF/g γ-Al2O3 and the NaNO3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst loaded with 0.30 g NaNO3/g γ-Al2O3 were confirmed by temperature programmed desorption of CO2 (CO2-TPD) analysis. The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms also revealed a mesoporous structure of the catalysts. The biodiesel yield was comparable to that produced from smaller catalysts, and this result indicated the potential of the macrospherical catalysts.

Suggested Citation

  • Islam, Aminul & Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hui & Chu, Chi-Ming & Ravindra, Pogaku & Chan, Eng-Seng, 2013. "Transesterification of palm oil using KF and NaNO3 catalysts supported on spherical millimetric γ-Al2O3," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 23-29.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:59:y:2013:i:c:p:23-29
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2013.01.051
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Okumuş, Zeynep Çelik & Doğan, Tuba Hatice & Temur, Hakan, 2019. "Removal of water by using cationic resin during biodiesel purification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 47-51.
    2. Aminul Islam & Mohammad Tofayal Ahmed & Md Alam Hossain Mondal & Md. Rabiul Awual & Minhaj Uddin Monir & Kamrul Islam, 2021. "A snapshot of coal‐fired power generation in Bangladesh: A demand–supply outlook," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 45(2), pages 157-182, May.
    3. Teo, Siow Hwa & Islam, Aminul & Yusaf, Talal & Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin, 2014. "Transesterification of Nannochloropsis oculata microalga's oil to biodiesel using calcium methoxide catalyst," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 63-71.
    4. Jaiyen, Siyada & Naree, Thikumporn & Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit, 2015. "Comparative study of natural dolomitic rock and waste mixed seashells as heterogeneous catalysts for the methanolysis of palm oil to biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 433-440.
    5. Das, Bikashbindu & Mohanty, Kaustubha, 2019. "A review on advances in sustainable energy production through various catalytic processes by using catalysts derived from waste red mud," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1791-1811.

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