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Residential- and commercial-scale distributed wind energy in North Dakota, USA

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  • Knoll, Aaron
  • Klink, Katherine

Abstract

We use one year of hourly wind speed measurements at 14 sites across North Dakota to evaluate how both residential- and commercial-scale (utility-scale) wind turbines can help to meet electricity needs within the state. Data are available from April 2004 through March 2005, a period with slightly lower mean wind speeds as compared to a long-term climatology; thus our calculations represent a conservative estimate of wind power for these sites. We assume the wind patterns at each site are representative of the county as a whole and, using capacity factors of 20% (residential) and 35% (commercial), we estimate the amount of electricity that can be generated for the county and compare it to county-based estimates of electricity usage. Our results show that a residential-scale turbine could provide between 90% and 165% of annual net per-person electricity usage in these 14 counties, depending on the wind speed. In addition, for the counties with the smallest populations, only six commercial-scale turbines are needed to meet the net annual county electricity usage; the most populous county would require up to 69 turbines. An evaluation of month-to-month electricity supply and demand showed that between 9% and 20% (13% and 29%) of monthly electricity needs for a county with low (high) average wind speeds could be met if 30% of the county's households had a residential-scale turbine. Our results show that residential-scale turbines have the potential to contribute meaningfully to a distributed-generation wind energy landscape.

Suggested Citation

  • Knoll, Aaron & Klink, Katherine, 2009. "Residential- and commercial-scale distributed wind energy in North Dakota, USA," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2493-2500.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:11:p:2493-2500
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2009.01.016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wichser, Corinne & Klink, Katherine, 2008. "Low wind speed turbines and wind power potential in Minnesota, USA," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 1749-1758.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kaldellis, John K. & Zafirakis, D., 2011. "The wind energy (r)evolution: A short review of a long history," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 1887-1901.

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