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Integrated solar energy systems for rural electrification in Kenya

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  • Rabah, Kefa V.O.

Abstract

In sub-Saharan Africa where population is projected to increase by 124% in the next 20 years, grid extension has advanced more slowly than in any other major regions; only about a third of the urban residents, and a mere 8% of the rural population, are served by grid electricity. Today, it is estimated that nearly two billion people worldwide remain without access to electricity or the immediate prospect of grid electrification. The situation in Kenya is no different. About 80% urban and 99.5% rural households, respectively, in Kenya have no access to electricity and its services. The annual electricity demand currently stands at 6% and increasing. However, we have shown that Kenya is well endowed with abundant renewable energy (RE) potential, especially solar energy resources. In our study, we have observed that Kenya gets an annual average exposure to sunshine of about 10 h per day in most regions, and an annual mean radiation of 6.98 kW h/m2, which if harnessed efficiently could contribute to improve quality of life in rural and poor urban sector in Kenya.

Suggested Citation

  • Rabah, Kefa V.O., 2005. "Integrated solar energy systems for rural electrification in Kenya," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 23-42.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:30:y:2005:i:1:p:23-42
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2004.04.011
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    1. Acker, Richard H & Kammen, Daniel M, 1996. "The quiet (energy) revolution : Analysing the dissemination of photovoltaic power systems in Kenya," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 81-111, January.
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    3. Sabah Abdulla & P W Jeanty, 2009. "Demand for Electricity Connection in Rural Areas: The Case of Kenya," Department of Economics Working Papers 26/09, University of Bath, Department of Economics.
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    7. Kiplagat, J.K. & Wang, R.Z. & Li, T.X., 2011. "Renewable energy in Kenya: Resource potential and status of exploitation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 2960-2973, August.
    8. Ridao, Ángel Ramos & García, Ernesto Hontoria & Escobar, Begoña Moreno & Toro, Montserrat Zamorano, 2007. "Solar energy in Andalusia (Spain): present state and prospects for the future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(1), pages 148-161, January.
    9. Murshed, Muntasir, 2019. "Trade Liberalization Policies and Renewable Energy Transition in Low and Middle-Income Countries? An Instrumental Variable Approach," MPRA Paper 97075, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Mandelli, Stefano & Barbieri, Jacopo & Mereu, Riccardo & Colombo, Emanuela, 2016. "Off-grid systems for rural electrification in developing countries: Definitions, classification and a comprehensive literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1621-1646.
    11. Dalla Longa, Francesco & van der Zwaan, Bob, 2017. "Do Kenya’s climate change mitigation ambitions necessitate large-scale renewable energy deployment and dedicated low-carbon energy policy?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1559-1568.
    12. Abdullah, Sabah & Jeanty, P. Wilner, 2011. "Willingness to pay for renewable energy: Evidence from a contingent valuation survey in Kenya," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 2974-2983, August.
    13. Javadi, F.S. & Rismanchi, B. & Sarraf, M. & Afshar, O. & Saidur, R. & Ping, H.W. & Rahim, N.A., 2013. "Global policy of rural electrification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 402-416.
    14. Kanyarusoke, Kant E. & Gryzagoridis, Jasson & Oliver, Graeme, 2016. "Re-mapping sub-Sahara Africa for equipment selection to photo electrify energy poor homes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 240-250.
    15. Schillebeeckx, Simon J.D. & Parikh, Priti & Bansal, Rahul & George, Gerard, 2012. "An integrated framework for rural electrification: Adopting a user-centric approach to business model development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 687-697.
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    17. Bazmi, Aqeel Ahmed & Zahedi, Gholamreza & Hashim, Haslenda, 2011. "Progress and challenges in utilization of palm oil biomass as fuel for decentralized electricity generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 574-583, January.
    18. Yamegueu, D. & Azoumah, Y. & Py, X. & Zongo, N., 2011. "Experimental study of electricity generation by Solar PV/diesel hybrid systems without battery storage for off-grid areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1780-1787.
    19. Purohit, Pallav, 2009. "CO2 emissions mitigation potential of solar home systems under clean development mechanism in India," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1014-1023.
    20. Luthra, Sunil & Govindan, Kannan & Kharb, Ravinder K. & Mangla, Sachin Kumar, 2016. "Evaluating the enablers in solar power developments in the current scenario using fuzzy DEMATEL: An Indian perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 379-397.
    21. Bazmi, Aqeel Ahmed & Zahedi, Gholamreza, 2011. "Sustainable energy systems: Role of optimization modeling techniques in power generation and supply—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3480-3500.
    22. Afshar, O. & Saidur, R. & Hasanuzzaman, M. & Jameel, M., 2012. "A review of thermodynamics and heat transfer in solar refrigeration system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5639-5648.
    23. Hiremath, R.B. & Shikha, S. & Ravindranath, N.H., 2007. "Decentralized energy planning; modeling and application--a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(5), pages 729-752, June.
    24. Hill, Rebecca Lee & Curtin, Kevin M., 2011. "Solar powered light emitting diode distribution in developing countries: An assessment of potential distribution sites in rural Cambodia using network analyses," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 48-57, March.

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