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Some new relationships between temperature variations and sunspot cycles—2. Short-period variations

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  • Njau, Ernest C.

Abstract

It is shown analytically that if f0 represents the frequency of the 11-year sunspot cycle or that of the 22-year sunspot cycle or that of the 35- to 40-year sunspot cycle or that of the seasonal cycle, then large heat/temperature oscillations should exist in the surface–atmosphere system (SAS) at frequencies 13f0, 23f0, 113f0 and 2f0. Also if f0 represents the frequency of the seasonal cycle alone, then large heat/temperature oscillations should exist in the SAS not only at the frequencies listed above but also at the additional frequencies 123f0 and 12f0. Actual existence of heat/temperature oscillations in the SAS at the frequencies given above has been amply verified by means of past temperature records. Furthermore, we illustratively show that both the 11-year sunspot cycle and corresponding heat/temperature oscillations in the SAS at a period of 11 years maintain approximately stable phase relationships with each other as long as each of the latter oscillations steadily keeps to one amplitude–modulation state. The phase relationship may change if the heat/temperature oscillation involved switches into a different amplitude–modulation state. One of the spin-offs of the analysis reported herein is a realisation that the quasi-biennial oscillation is apparently composed of individual components at periods 112, 2 and 3 years.

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  • Njau, Ernest C., 2000. "Some new relationships between temperature variations and sunspot cycles—2. Short-period variations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 565-577.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:19:y:2000:i:4:p:565-577
    DOI: 10.1016/S0960-1481(99)00076-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Njau, Ernest C., 1998. "Amplitude-modulating periodicities in global and regional heat/temperature variations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 295-303.
    2. Njau, E.c, 1999. "Some new relationships between temperature variations and sunspot cycles—1. Long-period variations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 25-33.
    3. Njau, Ernest C., 1997. "Climatic switches," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 10(1), pages 1-9.
    4. Njau, Ernest C., 1996. "Generalised theory of ENSO and related atmospheric phenomena," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 7(4), pages 339-352.
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