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Optimal design of cathode gas diffusion layer with arrayed grooves for performance enhancement of a PEM fuel cell

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  • Wang, Yulin
  • Zhang, Penghui
  • Gao, Yuyao
  • He, Wei
  • Zhao, Yulong
  • Wang, Xiaodong

Abstract

A novel cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) with arrayed grooves is proposed to enhance the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The influence of various geometric parameters regarding the novel GDL on internal physical quantities transport and cell performance is examined by a 3D multiphase fuel cell model. Results found that oxygen diffusion and water drainage are remarkably enhanced for the novel GDL, thereby leading to an augmented fuel cell performance. A reasonable design of structure parameters, such as the groove size and interval, the length of the GDL with arrayed grooves, and the nonuniform arrayed grooves, could further benefit current density homogeneity and performance for fuel cells. The results reveal that the novel GDL with a groove width, length and interval of 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively, a total arrayed groove length of 15 mm, and a nonuniform arrayed grooves exhibits a better cell performance than all the other designed GDLs and the traditional GDL tested in this simulation. The optimally designed GDL with arrayed grooves improves the maximum power density by approximately 5.6%, enhancing the current density within the regions of CCL near the outlet, thereby favoring the operational stability of fuel cells.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Yulin & Zhang, Penghui & Gao, Yuyao & He, Wei & Zhao, Yulong & Wang, Xiaodong, 2022. "Optimal design of cathode gas diffusion layer with arrayed grooves for performance enhancement of a PEM fuel cell," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 697-709.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:199:y:2022:i:c:p:697-709
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.09.011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Yulin & Wang, Xiaoai & Fan, Yuanzhi & He, Wei & Guan, Jinglei & Wang, Xiaodong, 2022. "Numerical Investigation of Tapered Flow Field Configurations for Enhanced Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
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    3. Wang, Yulin & Xu, Haokai & Zhang, Zhe & Li, Hua & Wang, Xiaodong, 2022. "Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a gas diffusion layer with a gradient polytetrafluoroethylene distribution for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    4. Ge, Minghui & Zhao, Yuntong & Li, Yanzhe & He, Wei & Xie, Liyao & Zhao, Yulong, 2022. "Structural optimization of thermoelectric modules in a concentration photovoltaic–thermoelectric hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    5. Ge, Minghui & Li, Zhenhua & Wang, Yeting & Zhao, Yulong & Zhu, Yu & Wang, Shixue & Liu, Liansheng, 2021. "Experimental study on thermoelectric power generation based on cryogenic liquid cold energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    6. Cao, Tao-Feng & Lin, Hong & Chen, Li & He, Ya-Ling & Tao, Wen-Quan, 2013. "Numerical investigation of the coupled water and thermal management in PEM fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1115-1125.
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    1. Lin, Rui & Lan, Shunbo & Wu, Xiaoyan & Hao, Zhixian, 2024. "Effect of perforated cracks on liquid water in microporous layers by lattice Boltzmann method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).

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