IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v157y2020icp593-604.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Measuring the internationalization of the wind energy industry

Author

Listed:
  • Yusta, Jose M.
  • Lacal-Arántegui, Roberto

Abstract

Wind energy has grown from less than 20 gigawatts (GW) in 2000 to 590 GW by the end of 2018 and already provides 6% of the electricity consumed in the world. During this period, the wind energy technology industry has evolved from a local to a global business. To illustrate the globalization of this sector, this research assesses the effectiveness of the firms’ international strategies based on empirical indicators. The intensity, the speed of internationalization, the geographic extensity and diversification are calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that the most successful firms are the market leaders Vestas and Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, and they are characterized by leading in both the depth (sales abroad/total sales) and width (number of countries) of internationalization as well as in geographic diversification. These companies are closely followed by four European and American firms: Enercon, Nordex, General Electric and Senvion. To date, Chinese firms, leaders in the largest market (China), are in general unable to internationalize as effectively as firms from other constituencies. Our results reveal that strong rivalry pressure in the domestic market is not a guarantee for the international competitiveness of its best-performing firms in the case of the wind energy industry – unless there are special characteristics in that domestic market.

Suggested Citation

  • Yusta, Jose M. & Lacal-Arántegui, Roberto, 2020. "Measuring the internationalization of the wind energy industry," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 593-604.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:157:y:2020:i:c:p:593-604
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.053
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148120307527
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.053?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Singla, Chitra & George, Rejie, 2013. "Internationalization and performance: A contextual analysis of Indian firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(12), pages 2500-2506.
    2. Jan Johanson & Jan-Erik Vahlne, 2009. "The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited: From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 40(9), pages 1411-1431, December.
    3. Costantini, Valeria & Crespi, Francesco, 2008. "Environmental regulation and the export dynamics of energy technologies," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(2-3), pages 447-460, June.
    4. Lianxi Zhou & Bradley R Barnes & Yuan Lu, 2010. "Entrepreneurial proclivity, capability upgrading and performance advantage of newness among international new ventures," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(5), pages 882-905, June.
    5. Jeffrey E. Johnson, 2004. "Factors Influencing the Early Internationalization of High Technology Start-ups: US and UK Evidence," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 2(1_2), pages 139-154, March.
    6. Costantini, Valeria & Mazzanti, Massimiliano, 2012. "On the green and innovative side of trade competitiveness? The impact of environmental policies and innovation on EU exports," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 132-153.
    7. Lund, P.D., 2009. "Effects of energy policies on industry expansion in renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 53-64.
    8. Chetty, Sylvie & Johanson, Martin & Martín Martín, Oscar, 2014. "Speed of internationalization: Conceptualization, measurement and validation," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 49(4), pages 633-650.
    9. Ryan Wiser & Karen Jenni & Joachim Seel & Erin Baker & Maureen Hand & Eric Lantz & Aaron Smith, 2016. "Expert elicitation survey on future wind energy costs," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 1(10), pages 1-8, October.
    10. Marian V Jones & Nicole E Coviello, 2005. "Internationalisation: conceptualising an entrepreneurial process of behaviour in time," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 36(3), pages 284-303, May.
    11. John H Dunning, 1980. "Towards an Eclectic Theory of International Production: Some Empirical Tests," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 11(1), pages 9-31, March.
    12. Schmidt, Reinhart, 1980. "Zur Messung des Internationalisierungsgrades von Unternehmen," Manuskripte aus den Instituten für Betriebswirtschaftslehre der Universität Kiel 86, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Institut für Betriebswirtschaftslehre.
    13. Oguzhan Aygoren & C. Arsen Kadakal, 2018. "A Novel Measurement of Speed in Early Internationalization of New Ventures," International Journal of Marketing Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(3), pages 1-1, August.
    14. Rialp, Alex & Rialp, Josep & Knight, Gary A., 2005. "The phenomenon of early internationalizing firms: what do we know after a decade (1993-2003) of scientific inquiry?," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 147-166, April.
    15. Sawhney, Aparna & Kahn, Matthew E., 2012. "Understanding cross-national trends in high-tech renewable power equipment exports to the United States," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 308-318.
    16. Yanto Chandra, 2017. "A time-based process model of international entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(4), pages 423-451, May.
    17. Benjamin M Oviatt & Patricia Phillips McDougall, 1994. "Toward a Theory of International New ventures," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 25(1), pages 45-64, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mazzocco, Ilaria, 2023. "Domestic Incentives and the Internalization of Chineses Manufacturing in the Wind, Electric Vehicle, and Battery Industries," Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, Working Paper Series qt19d8w4xm, Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California.
    2. Summerfield-Ryan, Oliver & Park, Susan, 2023. "The power of wind: The global wind energy industry's successes and failures," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sung, Bongsuk & Song, Woo-Yong, 2014. "How government policies affect the export dynamics of renewable energy technologies: A subsectoral analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 843-859.
    2. Zhou, Lianxi & Wu, Aiqi, 2014. "Earliness of internationalization and performance outcomes: Exploring the moderating effects of venture age and international commitment," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 132-142.
    3. Tuomisalo, Teemu & Leppäaho, Tanja, 2019. "Learning in international new ventures: A systematic review," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 463-481.
    4. Sleuwaegen, Leo & Onkelinx, Jonas, 2014. "International commitment, post-entry growth and survival of international new ventures," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 106-120.
    5. Knight, Gary A. & Liesch, Peter W., 2016. "Internationalization: From incremental to born global," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 93-102.
    6. Criaco, Giuseppe & Naldi, Lucia, 2024. "A chip off the old block: Founders' prior experience and the geographic diversification of export sales in international new ventures," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 39(1).
    7. Meschi, Pierre-Xavier & Ricard, Antonin & Tapia Moore, Ernesto, 2017. "Fast and Furious or Slow and Cautious? The Joint Impact of Age at Internationalization, Speed, and Risk Diversity on the Survival of Exporting Firms," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 279-291.
    8. D’Angelo, Alfredo & Buck, Trevor, 2019. "The earliness of exporting and creeping sclerosis? The moderating effects of firm age, size and centralization," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 428-437.
    9. Chandra, Yanto & Wilkinson, Ian F., 2017. "Firm internationalization from a network-centric complex-systems perspective," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 691-701.
    10. Farhad Uddin Ahmed & Louis Brennan, 2021. "A review of methodological diversity within the domain of international entrepreneurship," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 256-299, June.
    11. Antonin Ricard & Abrar Ali Saiyed, 2015. "Attitude Toward Internationalization And Early Internationalization: Comparison of Indian and French SMEs' Decision Makers [Attitude vis-à-vis de l'international et précocité de l'internationalisat," Post-Print hal-01839563, HAL.
    12. Prashantham, Shameen & Floyd, Steven W., 2019. "Navigating liminality in new venture internationalization," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 513-527.
    13. Rubina Romanello & Maria Chiarvesio, 2019. "Early internationalizing firms: 2004–2018," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 172-219, June.
    14. Tajeddin, Mahdi & Farashahi, Mehdi & Moghaddam, Kaveh & Simba, Amon & Edwards, Gwyneth, 2023. "Internationalization of Emerging Economy SMEs: A Tripod Approach," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(1).
    15. Sung, Bongsuk, 2015. "Public policy supports and export performance of bioenergy technologies: A dynamic panel approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 477-495.
    16. Alexander Tabares & Yanto Chandra & Claudia Alvarez & Manuela Escobar-Sierra, 2021. "Opportunity-related behaviors in international entrepreneurship research: a multilevel analysis of antecedents, processes, and outcomes," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 321-368, March.
    17. Bongsuk Sung & Woo-Yong Song, 2021. "Are Political Factors More Relevant Than Economic Factors in Firm-Level Renewable Energy Technology Export? Evidence from Path Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    18. Kuik, Onno & Branger, Frédéric & Quirion, Philippe, 2019. "Competitive advantage in the renewable energy industry: Evidence from a gravity model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 472-481.
    19. Marra, Alessandro & Colantonio, Emiliano, 2023. "On public policies in the energy transition: Evidence on the role of socio-technical regimes for renewable technologies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    20. Hewerdine, Lisa & Welch, Catherine, 2013. "Are international new ventures really new? A process study of organizational emergence and internationalization," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 466-477.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:157:y:2020:i:c:p:593-604. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.